References & Sources

The references below are intended to provide a living resource for anyone wishing a more detailed understanding of the ideas in ‘Don’t Even Think About It’. As well as over 700 original sources, they are updated regularly with new research. Where necessary they provide additional clarification, correct any errors and include outside observations and comments.

Major sources for further reading: main_sources_for_web.pdf



THE REFERENCES AND SOURCES BELOW ARE IN DRAFT FORM, BUT OWING TO WORK PRESSURES THEY HAVE NOT YET FULLY PROOFED OR FORMATTED FOR THE WEB.  THEY WILL BE COMPLETED BY SEPTEMBER.

1. Questions

…there is a difference.

Finkelstein.H. Cited in Forged in Freedom: Shaping the Jewish-American Experience, The Jewish Publication Society, 2002, p 121.

2.We'll Deal With That Lofty Stuff Some Other Day

Page Five
…lowest annual rainfall ever recorded
http://www.c2es.org/blog/huberd/2011-texas-drought-historical-context


Page Six
…record breaking temperatures as ‘off the charts’.
http://blog.chron.com/climateabyss/2011/09/texas-drought-and-global-warming/

… damaged or destroyed nearly 350,000 homes.
Chris Smith (New Jersey politician) (January 2, 2013). Floor statement on Sandy supplemental. United States House of Representatives. http://chrissmith.house.gov/uploadedfiles/floor_remarks_on_sandy_jan_2_2013.pdf

…Long brings out this talisman in every talk she makes
For example http://www.redbankgreen.com/2012/11/sea-bright-to-stay-shut-for-up-to-10-days.html


Page Eight

…. while the park’s owner tried to evict them and redevelop the site.
http://bwpurpose.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/2012-02-13-Paradise-Park-Announcement-for-Financing.pdf

…entirely consistent with that found after other disasters
See, for example, Rebecca Solnit’s excellent book, a Paradise Built in Hell http://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/21/books/21book.html?pagewanted=all.

… refused to talk about gun control after the Sandy Hook school shooting
http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/post-politics/wp/2012/12/14/carney-today-not-the-day-to-discuss-gun-control/


Page Nine

….are prone to have a false sense of their own future invulnerability
Keane J 2013. Unconscious obstacles to caring for the planet, facing up to human nature. In Weintrobe S. (ed), 2012, Engaging with Climate Change – Psychoanalytic and Interdisciplinary Perspectives, Routledge, UK.

…suffered the most damage were also the most optimistic
Suls J et al, 2013, Optimism Following a Tornado Disaster. Published online on March 1, 2013, in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin

…on general home improvements and installing new kitchens
From interviews reported in http://www.nccarf.edu.au/content/take-home-lessons-2011-floods-final-reports-released


3. Speaking as a Layman: Why We Think That Extreme Weather Shows We Were Right All Along


Page 11

…. pay a visit to the Philippines right now.”

http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/nov/11/typhoon-haiyan-philippines-climate-talks

…. can be counted on to be an extremely effective teacher and motivator.

Weber, E, 2006, Experience-Based and Description-Based Perceptions of Long-Term Risk: Why Blobal Warming Does Not Scare Us (Yet) Climatic Change (2006) 77: 103–120
https://www.rsmas.miami.edu/users/agriculture/pubs/papers/Full_versions/Weber_2006.pdf


Page 12
…calls them “teachable moments.”
Leiserowitz, A. et al, 2012, Extreme Weather and Climate Change in the American Mind, Yale Project on Climate Change Communication. http://environment.yale.edu/climate-communication/files/Extreme-Weather-Public-Opinion-April-2013.pdf

…global warming had already started.
Schneider S., 1989. Global warming: are we enterlng the greenhouse century? Sierra Club Books, San Francisco.http://www.nytimes.com/1988/06/24/us/global-warming-has-begun-expert-tells-senate.html

...freely interpreted by the media as a warning of the climate change to come.
Stehrl N., at al 1994. The social construct of climate and climate change. http://www.int-res.com/articles/cr/5/c005p099.pdf

…ITS GLOBAL WARMING STUPID
http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2012-11-01/its-global-warming-stupid

…People are now connecting the dots.
http://www.today.com/news/gore-current-weather-nature-hike-through-book-revelation-1C8154384?franchiseSlug=todaynewsmain

…the more they will reach out to their politicians for action.”
Advocates see recent extreme weather as a 'teachable moment'Jean Chemnick, E&E reporter Greenwire: Wednesday, August 8, 2012 http://www.eenews.net/stories/1059968551

…However, his own research suggests
In the Path of the Storm: Global Warming, Extreme Weather and the Impacts of Weather- Related Disasters in the United States from 2007 to 2012, Environment America Research & Policy Center. http://www.environmentamerica.org/sites/environment/files/reports/In%20the%20Path%20of%20the%20Storm-2013.pdf

…publically refuted climate science or opposed action to reduce emissions http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2010/09/13/174788/gop-senate-deniers/#ndhttp://thinkprogress.org/climate/2010/09/13/174788/gop-senate-deniers/#nd

Also http://www.americanprogress.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/Nebraska-FINAL.pdf

…with a moderate but balanced acceptance of climate change http://www.blueoklahoma.org/diary/251/


Page 13

…the most active and aggressive climate denier in the Senate
Chris Mooney, The Republican War on Science, Basic Books, 2006, page 227.

…three degrees lower than the previous state record. https://www.mesonet.org/index.php/news/article/oklahoma_shatters_all_time_low_temperature_record

…by building an igloo on the National Mall.
Sen. Inhofe’s Family Builds Igloo for Global Warming Spokesman Al Gore in Snow-laden D.C. February 9, 2010 http://cnsnews.com/node/61146

…for the freestyle skiing and snowboarding events.
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1250198/It-FINALLY-snows-Vancouver--just-days-Olympic-Games.html

…. enough evidence available to support any number of positions on climate change.

Guber D. L. 2012. A Cooling Climate for Change? Party Polarization and the Politics of Global Warming, American Behavioral Scientist, January 2013 57: 93-115

…he simply called it “global weirding.”
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/17/opinion/17friedman.html?_r=0

…Boris Johnson, pontificated on his own climate expertise.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/columnists/borisjohnson/9814618/Its-snowing-and-it-really-feels-like-the-start-of-a-mini-ice-age.html

…shouting, “Clear off, you oiks!”
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8340865.stm
[An ‘oik’ by the way, is slang among upper class English people for someone they regard to be rough uncultured and lower class. It is a reflection of Britain’ class based culture that this over privileged snob can become such a leading national figure]

…a process psychologists call biased assimilation.
Charles G. Lord et al., Biased Assimilation and Attitude Polarization: The Effects of Prior Theories on Subsequently Considered Evidence, 37 J. PERSONALITY & SOC. PSYCHOL. 2098 (1979).


PAGE 15

… depending on whether not they accepted climate change.
Weber, E. U. & Sonka, S. (1994). Production and pricing decisions in cash-crop farming: Effects of decision traits and climate change expectations. B.H. Jacobsen, D.E. Pedersen, J. Christensen, and S. Rasmussen (Eds.) Farmers' Decision Making: A Descriptive Approach, pp. 203-218. Copenhagen, Denmark: European Association of Agricultural Economists.

… largely depended on their views on climate change,
In B. H. Jacobsen, D. F. Pedersen, J. Christensen, & S. Rasmussen (Eds.), Farmers’ Decision Making: A Descriptive Approach (pp. 203-218). Copenhagen, Denmark: European Association of Agricultural Economists.

… as Conservative voters to ascribe extreme weather to climate change
http://yougov.co.uk/news/2013/11/19/public-unsure-climate-change-effect/

...interpretation of the event largely depended on their views on climate change
Spence A, Poortinga W, Butler C, Pidgeon N. Perceptions of climate change and willingness to save energy related to flood experience. Nature Climate Change, 2011; 1:46–49.

… than those who were far away from the flooding.
Are flood victims more concerned about climate change than other people? The role of direct experience in risk perception and behavioural response Lorraine Whitmarsh Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/29001/1/Flood%20victims%2010.108013669870701552235.pdf

…On abnormally cold days, that belief fell to 40%.
Lawrence C. Hamilton, Mary D. Stampone. Blowin’ in the wind: Short-term weather and belief in anthropogenic climate change. Weather, Climate, and Society, 2013

… the threat posed by more distant ones that they have not experienced
Named Black Swan events by Nassim Talebin his book of the same name.

…for the heatwave of 2011 and the warm winter of 2010-11
Leiserowitz, A., Maibach, E., Roser-Renouf, C., & Hmielowski, J. D. (2012) Extreme Weather, Climate & Preparedness in the American Mind. Yale University and George Mason University. New Haven, CT: Yale Project on Climate Change Communication. http://environment.yale.edu/climate/files/Extreme-Weather-Climate-Preparedness.pdf


Page 16


…are far more willing to agree that it is influencing a widespread pattern of extreme weather
Explaining Extreme Events of 2012 from a Climate Perspective, Special Supplement to the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 94, No. 9, September 2013 http://www.ametsoc.org/2012extremeeventsclimate.pdf
See also the similar by the American Meteorological Society for 2011 http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/cmb/bams-sotc/2011-peterson-et-al.pdf

…hail is falling in Cairo, snow in Israel
http://www.timesofisrael.com/topic/snow-in-jerusalem/
http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sotc/service/global/extremes/201312.gif

promenade was ripped apart by 30 foot waves.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-25614474
http://www.dailypost.co.uk/news/north-wales-news/north-wales-weather-50ft-waves-6659875


4. You Never Get to See the Whole Picture: How the Tea Party Fails to Notice the Greatest Threat to Its Values

5. Polluting the Message: How Science Becomes Infected with Social Meaning

6. The Jury of Our Peers: How We Follow the People Around Us

7. The Power of the Mob: How Bullies Hide in the Crowd

8. Through a Glass Darkly: The Strange Mirror World of Climate Deniers

9. Inside the Elephant: Why We Keep Searching for Enemies

10. The Two Brains: Why We Are So Poorly Evolved to Deal with Climate Change

11. Familiar Yet Unimaginable: Why Climate Change Does Not Feel Dangerous

12. Uncertain Long-Term Costs: How Our Cognitive Biases Line Up Against Climate Change

13. Them, There, and Then: How We Push Climate Change Far Away

14. Costing the Earth: Why We Want to Gain the Whole World Yet Lose Our Lives

15. Certain About the Uncertainty: How We Use Uncertainty as a Justification for Inaction

16. Paddling in the Pool of Worry: How We Choose What to Ignore

17. Don't Even Talk About It! The Invisible Force Field of Climate Silence

18. The Non-Perfect Non-Storm: Why We Think That Climate Change Is Impossibly Difficult

19. Cockroach Tours: How Museums Struggle to Tell the Climate Story

20. Tell Me a Story: Why Lies Can Be So Appealing

21. Powerful Words: How the Words We Use Affect the Way We Feel

22. Communicator Trust: Why the Messenger Is More Important than the Message

23. If They Don’t Understand the Theory, Talk About It Over and Over and Over Again: Why Climate Science Does Not Move People

24. Protect, Ban, Save, and Stop: How Climate Change Became Environmentalist

25. Polarization: Why Polar Bears Make It Harder to Accept Climate Change

26. Turn Off Your Lights or the Puppy Gets It: How Doomsday Becomes Dullsville

27. Bright-siding: The Dangers of Positive Dreams

28. Winning the Argument: How a Scientific Discourse Turned into a Debating Slam

29. Two Billion Bystanders: How Live Earth Tried and Failed to Build a Movement

30. Postcard from Hopenhagen: How Climate Negotiations Keep Preparing for the Drama Yet to Come

31. Precedents and Presidents: How Climate Policy Lost the Plot

32. Wellhead and Tailpipe: Why We Keep Fueling the Fire We Want to Put Out

33. The Black Gooey Stuff: Why Oil Companies Await Our Permission to Go Out of Business

34. Moral Imperatives: How We Diffuse Responsibility for Climate Change

35. What Did You Do in the Great Climate War, Daddy? Why We Don't Really Care What Our Children Think

36. The Power of One: How Climate Change Became Your Fault

37. Degrees of Separation: How the Climate Experts Cope with What They Know

38. Intimations of Mortality: Why the Future Goes Dark

39. From the Head to the Heart: The Phony Division Between Science and Religion

40. Climate Conviction: What the Green Team Can Learn from the God Squad

41. Why We Are Wired to Ignore Climate Change///And Why We Are Wired to Take Action

42. In a Nutshell: Some Personal and Highly Biased Ideas for Digging Our Way Out of This Hole

Four Degrees: Why This Book Is Important


CHAPTER THREE- SPEAKING AS A LAYMAN

Page 11

…. pay a visit to the Philippines right now.”

http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/nov/11/typhoon-haiyan-philippines-climate-talks

…. can be counted on to be an extremely effective teacher and motivator.

Weber, E, 2006, Experience-Based and Description-Based Perceptions of Long-Term Risk: Why Blobal Warming Does Not Scare Us (Yet) Climatic Change (2006) 77: 103–120

https://www.rsmas.miami.edu/users/agriculture/pubs/papers/Full_versions/Weber_2006.pdf

 

Page 12

…calls them “teachable moments.”

Extreme Weather and Climate Change in the American Mind, 2012 Yale Project on Climate Change Communication

 

…global warming had already started.

http://www.nytimes.com/1988/06/24/us/global-warming-has-begun-expert-tells-senate.html

Schneider S (1989) Global warming: are we enterlng the greenhouse century? Sierra Club Books, San Francisco, cited in Stehrl

 

..freely interpreted by the media as a warning of the climate change to come.

The social construct of climate and climate change Nico Stehrl, Hans von storch2 'Department of Sociology, The University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H42 1994

…ITS GLOBAL WARMING STUPID

http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2012-11-01/its-global-warming-stupid

 

…People are now connecting the dots.

http://www.today.com/news/gore-current-weather-nature-hike-through-book-revelation-1C8154384?franchiseSlug=todaynewsmain

…the more they will reach out to their politicians for action.”

Advocates see recent extreme weather as a 'teachable moment'Jean Chemnick, E&E reporter Greenwire: Wednesday, August 8, 2012

 

However, his own research suggests…

In the Path of the Storm: Global Warming, Extreme Weather and the Impacts of Weather- Related Disasters in the United States from 2007 to 2012, Environment America Research & Policy Center http://www.environmentamerica.org/sites/environment/files/reports/In%20the%20Path%20of%20the%20Storm-2013.pdf

…publically refuted climate science or opposed action to reduce emissions http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2010/09/13/174788/gop-senate-deniers/#ndhttp://thinkprogress.org/climate/2010/09/13/174788/gop-senate-deniers/#nd

Also http://www.americanprogress.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/Nebraska-FINAL.pdf

…with a moderate but balanced acceptance of climate change http://www.blueoklahoma.org/diary/251/

Page 13

…the most active and aggressive climate denier in the Senate

Chris Mooney, The Republican War on Science, Basic Books, 2006, page 227.

…three degrees lower than the previous state record. https://www.mesonet.org/index.php/news/article/oklahoma_shatters_all_time_low_temperature_record

…by building an igloo on the National Mall.

Sen. Inhofe’s Family Builds Igloo for Global Warming Spokesman Al Gore in Snow-laden D.C.

February 9, 2010 http://cnsnews.com/node/61146

…for the freestyle skiing and snowboarding events.

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1250198/It-FINALLY-snows-Vancouver--just-days-Olympic-Games.html

 

…. enough evidence available to support any number of positions on climate change.

Deborah Lynn Guber A Cooling Climate for Change? Party Polarization and the Politics of Global Warming American Behavioral Scientist January 2013 57: 93-115, first published on October 23, 2012

he simply called it “global weirding.”

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/17/opinion/17friedman.html?_r=0

Boris Johnson, pontificated on his own climate expertise.

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/columnists/borisjohnson/9814618/Its-snowing-and-it-really-feels-like-the-start-of-a-mini-ice-age.html

…shouting, “Clear off, you oiks!”

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8340865.stm

An ‘oik’ by the way, is slang among upper class English people for someone they regard to be rough uncultured and lower class. It is a reflection of Britain’ class based culture that this over privileged snob can become such a leading national figure.

…a process psychologists call biased assimilation.

Charles G. Lord et al., Biased Assimilation and Attitude Polarization: The Effects of Prior Theories on Subsequently Considered Evidence, 37 J. PERSONALITY & SOC. PSYCHOL. 2098 (1979).

PAGE 15

… depending on whether not they accepted climate change.

Weber, E. U. & Sonka, S. (1994). Production and pricing decisions in cash-crop farming: Effects

… largely depended on their views on climate change,

In B. H. Jacobsen, D. F. Pedersen, J. Christensen, & S. Rasmussen (Eds.), Farmers’ Decision Making: A Descriptive Approach (pp. 203-218). Copenhagen, Denmark: European Association of AgriculturalEconomists.

… as Conservative voters to ascribe extreme weather to climate change

http://yougov.co.uk/news/2013/11/19/public-unsure-climate-change-effect/

 

..interpretation of the event largely depended on their views on climate change

Spence A, Poortinga W, Butler C, Pidgeon N. Perceptions of climate change and willingness to save energy related to flood experience. Nature Climate Change, 2011; 1:46–49.

 

… than those who were far away from the flooding.

Are flood victims more concerned about climate change than other people? The role of direct experience in risk perception and behavioural response Lorraine Whitmarsh Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, School of Psychology Cardiff University

…On abnormally cold days, that belief fell to 40%.

Lawrence C. Hamilton, Mary D. Stampone. Blowin’ in the wind: Short-term weather and belief in anthropogenic climate change. Weather, Climate, and Society, 2013

… the threat posed by more distant ones that they have not experienced

Named Black Swan events by Nassim Talebin his book of the same name.

…for the heatwave of 2011 and the warm winter of 2010-11

Leiserowitz, A., Maibach, E., Roser-Renouf, C., & Hmielowski, J. D. (2012) Extreme Weather, Climate & Preparedness in the American Mind. Yale University and George Mason University. New Haven, CT: Yale Project on Climate Change Communication. http://environment.yale.edu/climate/files/Extreme-Weather-Climate-Preparedness.pdf

 

Page 16

…are far more willing to agree that it is influencing a widespread pattern of extreme weather

Explaining Extreme Events of 2012 from a Climate Perspective, Special Supplement to the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 94, No. 9, September 2013 http://www.ametsoc.org/2012extremeeventsclimate.pdf

See also the similar by the American Meteorological Society for 2011 http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/cmb/bams-sotc/2011-peterson-et-al.pdf

…hail is falling in Cairo, snow in Israel

http://www.timesofisrael.com/topic/snow-in-jerusalem/

http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sotc/service/global/extremes/201312.gif

 

…promenade was ripped apart by 30 foot waves.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-25614474

http://www.dailypost.co.uk/news/north-wales-news/north-wales-weather-50ft-waves-6659875

 

 

CHAPTER FOUR- YOU NEVER GET TO SEE THE WHOLE PICTURE

 

Page 17

….as the entire nation of Guatemala

Lafayette’s emissions in 2009 were 12 million tons of CO2 per year http://carma.org/plant/detail/13201

Guatemala’s CO2 emissions were 11 millon metric tonnes in 2012 United States Department of Energy's Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center

Page 18

… It stays right here beside my car seat where I can reach to it easily

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ET4H8s6YxIM

My mistake: she says behind my car seat, though when I asked the other members of the Texan tea party where they carried their guns it was invariably under the flap between the seats

 

…as “a challengeable scientific theory subject to change”.

2012 Republican Party of Texas, Report of Platform Committee

http://www.texasgop.org/wp-content/themes/rpt/images/2012Platform_Final.pdf

 

Page 20

…for its use of eminent domain to seize land from landowners http://switchboard.nrdc.org/blogs/rkistner/protesters_to_keystone_xl_pipe.html

 

Chapter Five- Polluting the Message

 

Page 22

…the Crazy Honey Badger on YouTube

www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=4r7wHMg5Yjg

It’s now up to 70 million viewers.

 

Page 23

…a quarter of the public and immunisation rates plummeted.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-22048635

 

…their children had changed immediately after their jab

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-4185/MMR-The-case-against.html

Typically biased science reporting from the Daily Mail- a British newspaper that regularly runs features that undermine climate science.

Page 24

… tend to be from the more affluent and powerful social groups

McCright, A.M. & Dunlap, R.E. (2011). Cool dudes: The denial of climate change among conservative white males in the United States. Global Environmental Change 21 (4) 1163–1172.

…who have named the ‘White Man Effect”

Kahan, Dan M., "Culture and Identity-Protective Cognition: Explaining the White Male Effect in Risk Perception." (2007). Faculty Scholarship Series. Paper 101. http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/fss_papers/101

…motorcycle riders two thirds of them were climate deniers.

Haddock research, internal research, pers. comm

I would observe, as an aside, that the people who work on climate change for a living are likely to be unusual in their perception of risk. There is strong evidence that, because of their familiarity and professional detachment, scientific experts have a lower perception of the risks of their topic than non-experts .I can say with confidence from my own experience that environmental campaigners have an abnormally high tolerance of risk: they often choose to work for relatively low pay and high insecurity and, at the radical end deliberately expose themselves to danger and conflict. Neither can be relied upon to understand and reflect wider public perception of climate risk.

…Many other studies have identified further attitudinal subgroups.

See for example the Six Americas programme of the Yale Centre on Climate Communications http://environment.yale.edu/climate-communication/files/Six-Americas-September-2012.pdf

 

CHAPTER SIX- THE JURY OF OUR PEERS

Page 27

…after the “seizure victim” apparently choked.

As reported by in Kahnemann, D. (2012). Thinking Fast Thinking Slow, Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

…and refused to get off their chairs

MacCoun, R. J., & Kerr, N. L. (1987). Suspicion in the psychological laboratory: Kelman's prophecy.

…social license to declare that the Emperor is naked

There is a discussion of this observation in Zerubavel. E., (2007). The Elephant in the Room: Silence. and Denial in Everyday Life, OUP.

Page 28

…believe that they are they are far more common than they actually are

Leviston Z. et al (2012) Your opinion on climate change might not be as common as you think. Nature letters 11th November http://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1038/nclimate1743

Page 29

…such as abortion, guns and, increasingly, climate change

For examples of pluralistic ignorance see Kuran, T. (1995). Private Truths, Public Lies: The Social Consequences of Preference Falsification. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press

…save the environment by re-using their towels.

Goldstein, N., Cialdini, R. B., & Griskevicius, V. (2005). A room with a viewpoint: Using norm-based appeals to motivate conservation behaviors in a hotel setting.

I have shorted the original text used in the experiment: “75% of guests help save the environment who are asked to participate in our new resource savings program do help by re-using their towels”.

…which only achieved a paltry 2% energy saving

Kaufman, Leslie (2009). "Utilities Turn Their Customers Green, With Envy." Social Norms and Energy Conservation Hunt Allcott MIT and NYU February 25, 2010

…conservatives increased their energy consumption.

Costa D, Kahn M. (2010) Energy Conservation ‘Nudges’ and Environmentalist Ideology: Evidence from a Randomized Residential Electricity Field Experiment. NBER Working Paper No. 15939. National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Page 30

…mostly a small piece at a time.

This example is taken from from Cialdini R, (2005), Basic Social Influence Is Underestimated, Psychological Inquiry, Vol. 16, No. 4, 158–161

…what kind of mess are we leaving our children?

Watch it and wonder what they were thinking. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5yV5n1gJ_zM

…a thirty second promotion for the wrong arguments

The Climate Reality Project made the same mistake a few years later with commercial called the “Heartland Department of Education” in which American school children repeat a litany of arguments against climate science. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9DjPo0ewuCw

 

… a three-year, $300 million advertising campaign

Pooley, E. (2010). The Climate War: True Believers, Power Brokers, and the Fight to Save the Earth. New York: Hyperion Books, pg. 25.

…Normandy Landings, civil rights marches and the Apollo landings

See http://youtu.be/1fMgTD92nYk

… smiling on a couch together and agreeing to cooperate

See http://youtu.be/VaZFfQKWX54

…In his keynote policy statement on climate change

http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-06-25/-we-need-to-act-transcript-of-obama-s-climate-change-speech.html

Page 31

…I call this the ‘slippery we’

I give full credit due to the sustainability consultant Andrew Darnton for introducing me to this great phrase.

… management manuals call transformational leadership

For example, Kaiser, Robert B. and Robert Hogan and S. Bartholomew Craig (2008).  Leadership and the fate of organizations. American Psychologist, 63(2) 96-110.

…Incidence of we in inauguration speeches.

The record, curiously, is still held by Richard Nixon in 1969 with 66 uses. Other presidents total: George Washington 1, Jefferson 11 Lincoln 9;Teddy Roosevelt 32; JFK 29; Nixon 66; Nixon 47, Reagan 51; Carter 44; Clinton 42 Obama 2012 57

…We will begin to thrive again when we begin to believe in ourselves again

Rand Paul’s 2013 Tea Party response to the State of the Union Address http://therightscoop.com/full-speech-rand-pauls-tea-party-response-to-the-state-of-the-union-address/

Page 32

… we would become permanently depressed”

This language is taken from Swiss focus groups in S. Stoll-Kleeman, T. O’Riordan, and C. Jaeger. (2001). The psychology of denial concerning climate mitigation measures: Evidence from Swiss focus groups. Global Environmental Change, 11 (2001) 107-117 http://research.fit.edu/sealevelriselibrary/documents/doc_mgr/922/Stoll- Kleemann_et_al._2001._Swiss_Psychology_of_Denial_Concerning_CC.pdf

… people often react slowly or badly to things that seem very distant.

Quoted in Nicholas Smith and Helene Joffe (2012) How the public engages with global warming: A social representations approach, Public Understanding of Science published online 1 June 2012

http://sciencepolicy.colorado.edu/students/envs_5720/smith_2012.pdf

CHAPTER 7.THE POWER OF THE MOB

 

Page 33

… the ease with which people can form into two opposing camps.

In a classic study, the founder of social psychology, Muzafer Sherif, recorded the escalating conflict between two groups of boys in a summer camp. He concluded that: “the mere awareness of other groups within the range of our designs generates a process of comparison between ‘us’ and the ‘others’”. As discussed in Whitley, B.E., & Kite, M.E. (2010). The Psychology of Prejudice and Discrimination. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. pp. 325–330

…our difference from the people who are not like us; the out-groups.

Rabinovich et al., (2010) Collective Self and Individual Choice: The Role of Social Comparisons in Promoting Public Engagement with Climate Change in Whitmarsh, L., (2010) – Engaging the Public with Climate Change: Behaviour Change and Communication, Routledge.

 

… those clean living Olafsons and those gas guzzling Yanks

Rabinovich A. et al, (2009). Collective self and individual choice: the effects of inter-group comparative context on environmental values and behaviour. Br J Soc Psychol. 2012 Dec;51(4):551-69

Page 34

… increases peoples in-group identification with the view they already held

Anderson et al (2013). The “Nasty Effect:” Online Incivility and Risk Perceptions of Emerging Technologies, Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication Article first published online: 19th February  2013 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jcc4.12009/pdf

… Conspiracist ideation in the blogosphere in response to research on conspiracist ideation”. See For Psychology Research, Climate Denial is the Gift that Keeps on Giving: posted on 5 February 2013 http://www.skepticalscience.com/recursive-fury.html

…“Wear a bullet-proof jacket? Learn to shoot a Magnum?”

See US climate scientists receive hate mail barrage in wake of UEA scandal http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2010/jul/05/hate-mail-climategate

… that climate scientists had been distorting data

See Cyber bullying intensifies and climate data questioned: Scientific American March 1 2010 http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-cyber-bullying/

… Fox tv called on scientists to commit suicide

www.Glenbeck.com/content/article/198/36153/ cited in Mann M., (2012) The Hockey Stick and the Climate Wars, Dispatches from the front lines, Columbia University Press.

Page 35

… they probably wouldn’t send you an email first

See How tough is your skin? Monbiot, Mann, McKibben, various Transitioners and others on what to do if your Transition initiative comes under attack, 12 Feb 2013. http://transitionculture.org/2013/02/12/how-tough-is-your-skin-monbiot-mann-mckibben-various-transitioners-and-others-on-what-to-do-if-your-transition-initiative-comes-under-attack/

CHAPTER 8- THROUGH AGLASS DARKLY

Page 37

… are hypocrites who denounce fossil fuels while taking money from oil and gas companies

See, for example,

http://www.thedailygreen.com/environmental-news/latest/smart-cap-and-trade-47051402

http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2012/02/03/418140/sierra-club-admits-secretly-taking-26-million-from-chesapeake-natural-gas/

…concocted by the free market economist Bruce Randle http://object.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/serials/files/regulation/1999/10/bootleggers.pdf

…the favourite biblical metaphor of progressive social rights organisations

A year earlier Greenpeace commissioned a series of posters on this theme www.ecorazzi.com/2012/02/21/greenpeace-goliath-axd-campaign

…the longstanding opera of international ideological threat

This point is very nicely made in Jacques, P. et al. (2008) . The Organisation of Denial: Conservative Think Tanks and Environmental Skepticism. Environmental Politics 17(3) (2008): 349-85

… all well ahead of Benedict Arnold, Timothy McVeigh, and John Wilkes Booth.

Cohen S., Climate change in a Perverse Culture Engaging with cc – psychoanalytic perspectives

… with the caption “I still believe in global warming, do you?”

Denial has poisoned the GOP and threatens the rest of the country too. Frank RichNov 9, 2012 Cited in Fantasyland http://nymag.com/news/frank-rich/gop-denial-2012-11/index2.html#print

…“I still believe kittens are cute, do you?”

Another nice variation is http://climatesight.org/2012/05/09/stalin-believed-in-gravity-do-you/

CHAPTER NINE- INSIDE THE ELEPHANT

Page 39

… no one has responsibility- and very too little is done to prevent it

Warwick, H. (2004). Smoke – the Killer in the Kitchen, Practical Action. http://practicalaction.org/smoke-report-2

…That’s not something listeners and viewers want to be told”

http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2010/09/22/206766/bbc-climate-change-coverage-mark-brayne/

… sometimes called inversionism

Diethelm, P. & McKee, M. (2009). Denialism: what is it and how should scientists respond? Black is white and white is blackEuropean Journal of Public Health, Vol. 19, No. 1, 2–4

…debates such anti-smoking, guns and abortion

The anti-smoking industry, Philip Morris internal report dated September 1983; Bates No. 2025042325/2332. [Accessed on 29 November 2008]. Available at: http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/vob81f00.

…that would enable them to exercise political influence

Achenbach, Joel. "The Tempest". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2010-03-31.

 

…save civilisation from the greatest threat it has ever faced

http://americandigest.org/sidelines/2011/12/james_delingpol.html

Vaclac Klaus http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/f65e71aa-1a14-11dc-99c5-000b5df10621.html#axzz2azTwJQy2

…a lazy and unhelpful media who are unwilling to do the homework’

ExxonMobil Corporation CEO Hosts Annual Shareholder Meeting May 29, 2013 http://finance.yahoo.com/news/exxonmobil-corporation-ceo-hosts-annual-221305776.html

 

…they have poured some $67 million since 1997

Greenpeace (2013). Dealing in Doubt: The Climate Denial Machine vs. Climate Science

 

… railroad monopolies, ice monopolies, Tammany Hall crooks, Standard Oil

http://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/pds/gilded/power/text1/octopusimages.pdf

…it’s the elephant we’re all inside of”

The Elephant We’re All Inside, Sep 9, 2012

http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/technology/2012/09/the-elephant-were-all-inside/

… Those who tell the truth - those who lie

Opening of Dragnet, 1951, http://www.imdb.com/character/ch0028271/bio

… Public Enemy Number One to the survival of our planetary civilization

McKibben, B., Global Warming's Terrifying New Math (2012). Three simple numbers that add up to global catastrophe.

http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/news/global-warmings-terrifying-new-math-20120719

…The only way to deal with a modern-day Pharaoh is to organize the people.

Quoted in Judaism and Climate Change, Yale Climate  Connections.

http://www.yaleclimateconnections.org/2012/02/judaism-and-climate-change/

CHAPTER TEN: THE TWO BRAINS

 

Page 46

…Inside our skulls are fish, reptile and shrew brains. We are notably bad at assessing risk.

Tattersall, I., (2013) Masters of the Planet: The Search for Our Human  Origins, Palgrave Macmillan. p227

…not creating brains capable of looking generations ahead

Ehrlich P. R., (2001) Human Natures: Genes, Cultures, and the Human Prospect. Penguin Books.              

… fought over on political and ideological grounds.

See for example the strong critique of Stephen Pinker in Menand, L (2002). What Comes Naturally Does Evolution Explain Who We Are? New Yorker. http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/11/25/what-comes-naturally-2?currentPage=all

 

… underestimates the speed of evolution

Irons, W. (1998) Adaptively Relevant Environments Versus the Environment of Evolutionary Adaptedness, Evolutionary Anthropology 6 (6) 194-204

… remarkably well adapted and prepared for the changes of the modern world

Ridley. M. (2001). The Rational Optimist: How Prosperity Evolves, Fourth Estate.

…“our modern skulls house a stone age mind”

Cosmides, L., Tooby, J. (1997). Evolutionary Psychology: A Primer. http://www.cep.ucsb.edu/primer.html

…what they call the Environment of Evolutionary Adaptedness

Actually the term was first created by psychoanalyst John Bowlby. See https://lifespanlearn.org/documents/2013Syllabus/Schore/Schore%20in%20Narvaez%2012.pdf

… prospects are poor for an animal that is not suspicious of novelty

Zajonc, R.B. (1965). "Social facilitation". Science 149: 269–274

…especially fear and anxiety- images, intuition and experience

Leiserowitz, A. (2006) Climate change risk perception and policy preferences: The role of affect, imagery, and values. Climatic Change, 77, 45-72.

http://environment.yale.edu/climate-communication/files/LeiserowitzClimaticChange.pdf

… amygdala at the base of the brain

As explained in http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=what-psychopaths-teach-us-about-how-to-succeed&page=3

… because of its ability to rapidly assess threats

See Ropeik, D., (2012). Inside the Mind of Worry, New York Time

http://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/30/opinion/sunday/why-smart-brains-make-dumb-decisions-about-danger.html

…‘analytic processing’ and ‘experiential processing’

Epstein S., (1994). Integration of the Cognitive and the Psychodynamic Unconscious, American Psychologist 49, p710

…‘enlightenment reason’ and ‘real reason’

Lakoff, G. (2010) We are the Polar Bears: What’s Wrong with the Way that the Environment is Understood. In Hot air to Happy Endings, Green Alliance, 2010 http://www.green-alliance.org.uk/resources/From%20hot%20air%20to%20happy%20endings.pdf

…the "Reflective System" and the "Automatic System

Sunstein, C., Thaler R., (2009). Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth and Happiness, Penguin. p. 19.

… System One and System Two

Kahnemann, D. (2012). Thinking Fast Thinking Slow, Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

… hit on the image of an Elephant and a Rider

Haidt, J. (2007). The Happiness Hypothesis: Putting Ancient Wisdom to the Test of Modern Science, Arrow.

… disproportional sway over our decision making.

Kahneman. D., Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision under Risk. Daniel Econometrica, Vol. 47, No. 2. (Mar., 1979)

CHAPTER 11. FAMILIAR YET UNIMAGINABLE

 

…Unknown risks are emphasised by being invisible and unprecedented.

See also Starr, C. (1969). Social benefit versus technological risk, Science 165 1232-1238

… Nuclear weapons and nerve gas accidents score highly for their Dread Risk

Slovic P, et al (1978). How safe is safe enough? A Psychometric Study of Attitudes Towards Technological Risks and Benefits, Policy Sciences 9 p127-152. http://sds.hss.cmu.edu/risk/articles/SafeEnough.pdf

All summarised very well in

Slovic, P. Perception of Risk, Science Vol.  236. No. 4799.

http://www.uns.ethz.ch/edu/teach/0.pdf

CHAPTER 12. THEM, THERE AND THEN

…not fear the future but embrace the sustainable energy future

President Obama, remarks on climate change at Georgetown University 25th June 2013. http://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2013/06/25/full-transcript-of-obamas-remarks-on-climate-change/

…future generations will be roasted, toasted, fried and grilled

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TQrXQtHchtE

…often of exactly the same size- say that it will affect future generations

Leiserowitz, A., et al (2012) Climate change in the American mind: Americans’ global warming beliefs and attitudes, Yale Project on Climate Change Communication. http://environment.yale.edu/climate/files/Climate-Beliefs-September-2012.pdf

…ratchets up in steady increments the further away its victims lie

MORI (2008). Tipping Point or Turning Point http://www.ipsos.com/public-affairs/sites/www.ipsos.com.public-affairs/files/documents/tipping_point_or_turning_point_climate_change.pdf

…most distant category of all- people in the future.

Leiserowitz, A. (2005) American Risk Perceptions: Is Climate Change Dangerous?

Risk Analysis, Vol. 25, No. 6, 2005 http://anthonyleiserowitz.com/pubs_assets/AmericanRiskPerceptions.pdf

Leiserowitz, A., et al (2012) Climate change in the American mind: Americans’ global warming beliefs and attitudes, Yale Project on Climate Change Communication. http://environment.yale.edu/climate/files/Climate-Beliefs-September-2012.pdf

. … other drivers are more likely to have an accident than they are

Kahneman D., and Riepe, M. W., (1998) Aspects of Investor Psychology, The Journal of Portfolio Management Summer 1998, Vol. 24, No. 4: pp. 52-65 DOI: 10.3905/jpm.1998.409643

 … were convinced that they had the best environmental conditions

Gifford, R. et al (2009). Temporal Pessimism and Spatial Optimism in Environmental Assessments: An 18-Nation Study. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 29, 1-12.

http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/29735/2/Gifford_Scannell_Uzzell.pdf

… starving mobs would roam the streets

Dutton, D, (2009) It’s Always the End of the World as We Know, New York Times.

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/01/opinion/01dutton.html?pagewanted=all

… accidental missile launchings could lead to ‘armageddon’

Caldicott, H. Accidental Armageddon. The Co-Intelligence Institute.

http://www.co-intelligence.org/y2k_caldicott.html

…had poured an estimated $134 billion

… cash registers became momentarily confused

Dutton, D, (2009) It’s Always the End of the World as We Know, New York Times.

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/01/opinion/01dutton.html?pagewanted=all

…“We have five minutes before midnight,”

http://blogs.wwf.org.uk/blog/climate-energy/five-minutes-before-midnight/

…’5000 days to Save the Planet’.

Goldsmith, E. et al, (1990). 5000 days to Save the Planet. Hamlyn

…its own deadline report “Ten years to Save the Planet”.

http://www.ippr.org/press-releases/111/2506/ten-years-to-save-the-planet

 

…10 years was the deadline to ‘save the planet’

http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/news/30447/10-years-to-save-the-planet.html

 

…“small window of time in which we can plant the seeds of change.”

http://www.express.co.uk/news/uk/7014/Five-years-to-save-planet-report

 

…"age of convenience and consumerism is over”

Just 96 months to save world, says Prince Charles, The Independent, Monday 21 July 2014

http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/green-living/just-96-months-to-save-world-says-prince-charles-1738049.html

 

…the constant increase in atmospheric Carbon Dioxide could modify the heat balance of the atmosphere

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/01/31/AR2007013101808.html

 

…since 1992 when every government in the world

Every government except South Sudan which was barely functioning as a government at all.  By the standards of international agreements it was an extraordinary level of agreement.

… set so far in the future as to be ‘almost hypothetical’ for the general public

As explained in Lorenzoni, I. et al (2007). Barriers perceived to engaging with climate change among the UK public and their policy implications. Global Environmental Change 17, 445–459.

 

… called, by some psychologists, a ‘creeping problem’.

this name was given to it by Susanne Moser, a specialist in climate change communication in Moser, S. C. and  Dilling, L. (2004). Making Climate Hot: Communicating the Urgency and Challenge of Global Climate Change.” Environment 46(10): 32-46.

http://www.isse.ucar.edu/communication/docs/Environ_32-46a.pdf

CHAPTER COSTING THE EARTH

… the backbone of an economically rational greenhouse response

Fankhauser S. (1993). The Social Costs of Greenhouse Gas Emissions, paper presented to the International Conference on the Economics of Climate Change, OECD, 14-16 June 1993.

 

… a hugely influential Review of the Economics of Climate Change

Stern, N. the Economics of Climate Change, HM Treasury. http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http:/www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/media/4/3/Executive_Summary.pdf

… , to paraphrase one of Kahneman’s experiments.

As quoted in Kahneman D., Tversky, A, (2000). Choices Values and Frames. Cambridge University Press.

… this is called hyperbolic discounting.

See Kahneman D., Tversky, A, (1991) Loss Aversion in Riskless Choice: A Reference- Dependent Model, 107 Q.J. ECON. 1039 (1991) 29

 

… The governments of the European Union

https://www.gov.uk/government/policies/reducing-the-uk-s-greenhouse-gas-emissions-by-80-by-2050

… surrounded by a remarkable vagueness about what they might cost.

See, for example Darwall R., (2013). The Green Energy Mirage Will Cost the Earth, Daily Telegraph 5th March 2013.

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/greenpolitics/9910279/The-green-energy-mirage-will-cost-the-earth.html

…insurance pay outs for climate related damage soared to a record  $44 billion

http://www.swissre.com/media/news_releases/nr_20131218_sigma_natcat_2013.html

 

… to defend against further terrorist attack.

Rugy, V. de (2006) Facts and Figures About Homeland Security Spending , AEI Online, American Enterprise, Institute for Public Policy Research, 14 December 2006.

http://mercatus.org/publication/facts-and-figures-about-seven-years-homeland-security-spending

…asked for ‘caution in addressing questions of human nature from this slice of humanity’

Henrich J. et al (2010) The Weirdest People in the World, Behavioral and Brain Sciences 33 (2-3):61-83 (2010)  

http://hci.ucsd.edu/102b/readings/WeirdestPeople.pdf

 

… virtually no sign of “hyperbolicky” behaviour

Andersen. S. et al (2011). Discounting Behavior: A Reconsideration

http://econweb.ucsd.edu/~jandreon/Seminar/WP2011-01--DiscountingBehavior.pdf

…“it may still have been there the following Sunday”.

…flip a dime out the right-hand window to the person who removed the mattress”

Schelling. T. (1978) Micromotives and Macrobehavior. Norton. p126

…a 20% fall in peak energy demand in Tokyo throughout the summer http://www.economist.com/node/21529037

 

… daily rates of power consumption and the proximity of a blackout

http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2011/aug/22/energy-saving-setsuden-japan-fukushima

 

… The average of those who would accept payment was $10,000

Thaler, R. (1980). Toward a Positive Theory of Consumer Choice. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 01/1980; DOI:10.1016/0167-2681(80)90051-7

http://www.eief.it/butler/files/2009/11/thaler80.pdf

CHAPTER CERTAIN ABOUT THE UNCERTAINTY

… one of the key factors that leads people to act in their own short term self interest

Hine, D. W., & Gifford, R. (1996). Individual restraint and group efficiency in commons dilemmas: The effects of two types of environmental uncertainty. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 26, 993-1009.

… measures (to mimimize the causes of climate change)

http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/convkp/conveng.pdf

 

… no one   can   say  with   any   certainty  what   constitutes   a  dangerous   level   of  warming

US President George W. Bush speaking on 11th June, 2001. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/onpolitics/transcripts/bushglobal_061101.htm

… most scientists are unsure whether global warming is occurring or not

Data from Gallup, cited Pidgeon, N.F and Fischhoff, B. (2011). The Role of Social and Decision Sciences in Communicating Uncertain Climate Risks. Nature Climate Change. 1, 35–41.

… the maintenance of doubt is the very foundation of the scientific method

For example Carlo Rovelli http://edge.org/q2011/q11_4.html#rovelli

…“uncertainty is uncertainty”. Well, Uncertainty can play both ways

Nigel Lawson & Chis Rapley  on Newsnight, BBC 7/4/08.

[Note- in a similar weak framing, the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report uses the words "uncertainty" or "uncertainties" 42 times over 31 pages http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/09/18/us-warming-idUSBRE98H0E620130918]

…" whole host of unknown unknowns  that we don't even know how to quantify.”

Quoted in Climate Heretic: Judith Curry Turns on Her Colleagues, Scientific American 25 October 2010 http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=climate-heretic

…“that global warming is real and caused by humans”. 

Muller, R. (2012). The Conversion of a Climate-Change Skeptic. New York Times

http://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/30/opinion/the-conversion-of-a-climate-change-skeptic.html?pagewanted=all

…you need to continue to make the lack of scientific certainty a primary issue in the debate

http://www.motherjones.com/files/LuntzResearch_environment.pdf

 

… we have to make decisions based upon uncertainty.

As reported on Climate Progress 23 Oct 2012

http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2012/10/23/1071201/quasi-climate-quote-in-debate-romney-says-we-have-to-make-decisions-based-upon-uncertainty/

… getting weapons of mass destruction we must act as if it s a certainty”

Gardner, D. Risk: The Science and Politics of Fear Risk: The Science and Politics of Fear, Virgin Books. p276

… does not mean that you have evidence that it doesn’t exist

From a Press Conference at NATO Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium, June 6, 2002 http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Donald_Rumsfeld

…You have to act on your intuition sometimes

National Security and the Threat of Climate Change, CAN. http://www.cna.org/sites/default/files/National%20Security%20and%20the%20Threat%20of%20Climate%20Change%20-%20Print.pdf

… as a potential threat to U.S. national security

Climate Extremes: Recent Trends with Implications for National Security, Harvard University Center for the Environnment, 2013 http://environment.harvard.edu/climate-extremes

… confirmed that climate change is a serious national security issue

The Global Security Defense Index on Climate Change: Preliminary Results

http://www.americansecurityproject.org/the-global-security-defense-index-on-climate-change-%EF%BF%BCpreliminary-results/

… the military is going to be a part of the solution”

http://vimeo.com/17620280

… it will be exploited to militarize our societies, to create fortress continents

Klein, N. (2011) My Fear is that Climate Change is the Biggest Crisis of All. Democracy Now!

http://www.democracynow.org/2011/3/9/my_fear_is_that_climate_change

CHAPTER CONCENTRATING ON THE FRAME

… he asked them: what should we be worried about?

What Should We Be Worried About? The Edge http://edge.org/annual-question/q2013

 … we need to “turn our ancient worry engines in new directions”.

http://edge.org/response-detail/23757

… They neatly named this the finite pool of worry

Linville, P.W., Fischer, G.W. (1991). Preferences for separating and combining events: a social application of prospect theory and the mental accounting model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 5–23.

… which narrows the criteria for space in the pool, or even shrinks its total size

 Discussed in Marx, S (2013). The Psychology of Climate Change Communication: A Guide for Scientists, Journalists, Educators, Political Aides, and the Interested Public, CRED. http://guide.cred.columbia.edu/

…below both river and air pollution

A point made by Ted Nordhaus and Michael Shellenberger in (2009) The Death of Environmentalism.

…the appropriate response is to indicate some worry

http://environment.yale.edu/climate-communication/files/Climate-Beliefs-April-2013.pdf

… are on the top of the pile, year after year

Topline questionnaire http://www.people-press.org/files/legacy-questionnaires/01-24-13%20Prioritie%20Release%20Topline.pdf

… realize that there is no easy solution for it

Krosnic, Jon, Allyson Holbrook, Laura Lowe and Penny Visser 2006 “The Origins and

Consequences of Democratic Citizen’s Policy Agendas: A Study of Popular Concern about

Global Warming” Climate Change 77:7-43.

Page 80

… selection processes are fundamental to our thinking at every level

A very good summary of this research is in: Marvin M. Chun,1 Julie D. Golomb,2011 and Nicholas B. Turk-Browne A Taxonomy of External and Internal Attention Annu. Rev. Psychol. 2011. 62:73–101

… perceive, interpret and act in ways that are socially efficacious’’

Goffman Frame Analysis: An Essay on the Organization of Experience p. 21),

… build onto existing established frames to form a coherent system

George Lakoff http://www.commondreams.org/view/2010/07/08

DON'T EVEN TALK ABOUT IT!

Why we have generated a silence around climate change.

Page 82

… never talk about climate change outside their close circle of friends and family members

Haddock research

…A third of people never discuss climate change with anyone at all

Further supported by Leiserowitz, A., Maibach, E., Roser-Renouf, C., & Feinberg, G. (2013) How Americans communicate about global warming in April 2013. Yale University and George Mason University. New Haven, CT: Yale Project on Climate Change Communication.

…“like a substance the fills in the pauses and cracks and crannies of our discourse.”

Eviatar Zerubal:Elephant in the Room

Page 83

… we hit a dead zone where there was suddenly nothing to talk about Norgaard, Kari Marie. Living in Denial: Climate Change, Emotions, and Everyday Life. MIT Press.

… It’s a skill, an art of living  Norgaard p 19

… the eighth largest exporter of crude oil in the world

http://www.eia.gov/countries/index.cfm?topL=exp

… five times faster than its commitments under the Kyoto protocol

Emissions of greenhouse gases, 2012, preliminary figures http://www.ssb.no/en/klimagassn

…$600 billion saved in the state oil fund

Oil Wealth: Should Norway Be the Canadian Way?

http://thetyee.ca/News/2012/07/25/Norway-Oil-Wealth/

Page 84

 

… cultural resistance to climate change was like racism and should be ‘treated’

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2123260/If-dont-believe-climate-change-sick-Oregon-professor-likens-skepticism-racism.html

Page 85

… he argued applied especially well to climate change

Stanley Cohen in Sally Weintrobe et al

… but not quite conscious of just what it is we are evading”

Cohen, Stanley. (2110). States of Denial: Knowing About Atrocities and Suffering, Polity Press. P 5

… we somehow we also know that we should not talk about it

Cohen, Stanley. (2110). States of Denial: Knowing About Atrocities and Suffering, Polity Press. P 10-11).

… On each site these irrelevant terms appeared far more often.

Marshall, G., 2007 ‘Asleep on their watch: where were the NGOs?’ in: David Cromwell and Mark Levene (eds) Surviving Climate Change: The Struggle to Avert Global Catastrophe, Pluto Press.

The prominence given to climate change has since risen in all these organisations.

Page 86

…there is growing field of study of the ‘sociology of ignorance’

See for example this website on the Sociologiy of Ignorance http://sociologyofignorance.com/index.html

… too sensitive, dangerous, or taboo to produce

Smithson, 1989, ignorance to uncertainty: emergying paradigms,

… scientists were committed to a heroic narrative of their pursuit of knowledge

Joanna Kempner,2 Jon F. Merz,3 and Charles L. Bosk4 Forbidden Knowledge: Public Controversy and the Production of Nonknowledge1 Sociological Forum, Vol. 26, No. 3, September 2011

… leads to a simultaneous growth in what is not known

M. Bauer, “Socio-Demographic Correlates of DK-Responses in Knowledge Surveys: Self-Attributed Ignorance of Science,” Social Science Information 35 (1996): 39–68.

… what is sometimes called post-normal science

Funtowicz, S., Ravetz, J., no year. Post-normal science: environmentalpolicy under conditions of complexity (Internet Document). RetrievedAllen, M.P., 1992. Elite social movement organizations and the state: thefrom /http://www.jvds.nl/pns/pns.htmS, 16 August 2004

Page 87

 

… The proposal went through

 The funding of oil company research is official government policy. At the same time that a British parliamentary committe was calling for an end to oil drilling in the arctic, another wing of government was telling the funding agencies to help 'de-risk' investment by UK oil companiesEnvironmental science agencies told to help oil firms drilling in polar regions

The Natural Environment Research Council says science agencies should help 'de-risk' investment by UK oil companies Terry Macalister The Guardian , Sunday 14 October 2012 http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2012/oct/14/environmental-science-agencies-oil-polar

… swung the window in the direction of denial arguments and then silence http://transitionculture.org/2013/02/06/an-interview-with-michael-mann-theres-reason-to-be-optimistic/

… not mentioned once in the debates for the 2012 presidential election

http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2012/10/22/1066201/presidential-candidates-avoid-climate-for-first-time-in-nearly-20-years/

… a silence that empowers misinformation and mythology to grow where science and truth should prevail

http://www.climatesciencewatch.org/2012/06/20/sen-kerry-condemns-climate-disinformation-campaign-and-challenges-washingtons-conspiracy-of-silence/

Page 88

 

… failed to mention climate change at all in their State Hazard Plans

Babcock, M., State Hazard Mitigation Plans& Climate Change: Rating the States, Columbia Law School, November 2013

http://web.law.columbia.edu/sites/default/files/microsites/climatechange/files/Publications/Students/SHMP%20Survey_Final.pdf

… models of drought and sea level rise into their long term planning

 Making Climate-Science Communication Evidence-based—All the Way DownDan M. Kahan

… come back and haunt us”, he said

Betsy Taylor, quoted in A Change in the Weather on Wall Street,TINA ROSENBERG

…Talking about climate change is toxic. Some still don’t use the ‘C’ word. ”

Betsy Taylor, quoted in A Change in the Weather on Wall Street,TINA ROSENBERG

Page 89

…too frightened to take a decision”

http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2013/07/16/2307291/reuters-exposed-publication-openly-hostile-to-climate-coverage-top-editor-doubts-climate-science/By Kiley Kroh on Jul 16, 2013 at 12:26 pm

… frustration in getting climate change stories past their editors

Panos climate change survey of journalists Prompt for discussion, Panos Institute 2005.

… did not run a single lead item on climate change http://www.politico.com/playbook/1210/playbook1283.html              

Robert Brulle quoted in http://wwwp.dailyclimate.org/tdc-newsroom/2011/01/climate-coverage

…coverage was still far below its 2007 peak

According to monthly monitoring by the Colorado University Center for Science Policy http://sciencepolicy.colorado.edu/media_coverage/us/index.html

… heatwaves of 2012 made any mention of the issue

Media matters: STUDY: TV Media Ignore Climate Change In Coverage Of Record July Heat http://mediamatters.org/research/2012/08/15/tv-media-ignore-climate-change-in-coverage-of-r/189366

Page 91

91**********

THE NON-PERFECT NON-STORM

Why we think that climate change is impossibly difficult.

 

…a problem that is a worse fit with our underlying psychology."

Tony Leiserowitz- quoted by Bill Moyers January 4th

…a “perfect moral storm’

Gardiner, A Perfect Moral Storm: Climate Change, Intergenerational Ethics and the Problem of Moral Corruption1 Environmental Values 15 (2006): 397–413

… for its uniquely daunting confluence of forces’

Abassi, D, Americans and Climate Change: closing the gap between science and action a synthesis of insights and recommendations from the 2005 Yale F&ES conference on climate change

Page 92

…NT7, was heading straight for the earth http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/exopolitica/esp_exopolitics_zzzk.htm

… named a 10km wide meteorite in his honour http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=7107

… routinely savages NASA's climate scientists

See for example http://www.thegwpf.org/hansens-climate-forecast-vs-reality/

… a “real and tangible danger”. http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/backissues/2013/02/meteors-in-the-new-yorker.html#ixzz2LXQDc0B6

… prehistoric climate variation was caused by “dinosaur flatulence”

http://thinkprogress.org/politics/2008/06/09/24432/rohrabacher-farts/

Page 93

… Americans drove 60% less and flew 80% less

http://transportblog.co.nz/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/usa-vmt.jpg

… the British Royal Family, Al Gore and the entire Bush family. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/david-icke-is-not-the-messiah-or-even-that-naughty-but-boy-can-he-drone-on-8229433.html

… describes climate change as a ‘monumental scam’

See http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LiX792kNQeE

Page 94

our failure comes from our “aversion to statistical thinking”

http://researchnews.osu.edu/archive/allornothing.htm

Page 95

… something that seems to be almost familiar, yet is not.

Actually Freud was drawing in this on an essay by Ernst jentsch, On the Psychology of the Uncanny 1906

… usually translated into English as the ‘uncanny condition’

Freud Sigmund The “Uncanny”1 (1919) First published in Imago, Bd. V., 1919; reprinted in Sammlung, Fünfte Folge. [Translated by Alix Strachey.]

was first formulated in 1973 by Horst Rittel and Melvin Webber

Rittel, Horst W. J.; Melvin M. Webber (1973). "Dilemmas in a General Theory of Planning". Policy Sciences 4: 155–169. Retrieved 25 April 2013.

Page 99

COCKROACH TOURS

How museums struggle to tell a story

Page 100

… three small sized children in order to save energy

S. Matthew Liao, Anders Sandberg & Rebecca Roache Human Engineering and Climate Change Ethics, Policy & EnvironmentVolume 15, Issue 2, June 2012, pages 206-221 2012

Page 101

… he  makes regular visits to research sites in the Rift Valley

 Olduvai, Evolution, and Darwin                 February 17, 2009  by Suzan Mazur

Page 103

… not to “alienate any people who want to be part of the discussion”.

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1260191/Science-Museum-change-new-climate-change-museum.html

Page 105

TELL ME A STORY

… dreams, hopes, and fears

Richardson, L. (1990). Narrative and sociology. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 19, 117

… comic strips, conversation and journal articles.

Richardson, L. (1990). Narrative and sociology. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 19, 117

… we have learned more than 300 stories Sandy pers comm

… stories are the thing we need most in the world.

Quoted in Gillespie: Sustainable storytelling is a powerful tool that communicates vision

Page 106

… does it match our own beliefs and values”

Fisher, Walter R. (1984). "Narration as Human Communication Paradigm: The Case of Public Moral Argument." in Communication Monographs 51. pp. 1-22.

…not what's most important or truthful http://www.ted.com/talks/tyler_cowen_be_suspicious_of_stories.html

… as part of a social norm- as happens in rumours

In a classic study of rumor transmission, Allport and Lepkin (1945) observed that the strongest predictor of belief in wartime rumors was simple repetition.

… the stories they had first heard a few hours earlier

Marsh, E. J., Meade, M. L., & Roediger, H. L., III. (2003). Learning from fiction. Journal of Memory and Language, 49, 519–536

… a warehouse fire in the style of live rolling news coverage

Orginally by

Page 107

… comprehension, consistency, repetition, repetition, and repetition

 Luntz, Frank, Words that Work, p 208

… individuals or distinctly defined groups, and a positive outcome

Example from DOYLE CANNING & PATRICK REINSBOROUGH SmartMeme.ReImaginingChange

… watched their rescue broadcast live in global television http://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/story/2010/10/14/tech-chile-miner-video-stream.html

The story is cynically reflected in the 1951 Billy Wilder film Ace in the Hole in which alcoholic disgraced journalist Kirk Douglas generated a media feedin frenzy around a man caught in a cave collapse.This in turn was based on the media coverage and 10,000 peope who arrived to witness the ultimately unsuccessful rescue attempt of 3 year old Kathy Fiscus who fell into a well in San Marino .

… a million deaths is a statistic.’’

Global Environmental Change 17 (2007) 47–58www.elsevier.com/locate/gloenvchaCommunication and mental processes: Experiential and analyticprocessing of uncertain climate informationSabine M. Marxa, , Elke U. Webera,b, Benjamin S. Orlovea,c, Anthony Leiserowitza,d,David H.

 

… people overrule factual evidence in favour of vivid personal descriptions

For example Tversky, A., Kahneman, D., 1974. Judgment under uncertainty: heuristics and biases. Science 185, 1124–1130.

…somewhat less to feed two children

The more who die, the less we care: Psychic numbing and genocide, chapter 4 p 30-40 in The Irrational Economist: Making Decisions In A Dangerous World [Large Print] [Paperback]Erwann Michel-Kerja and Paul Slovic x fdvc

… to feed ‘millions of Africans’

Small, D. A., Loewenstein, G., & Slovic, P. (2007). Sympathy and callousness: The impact of deliberative thought on donations to identifiable and statistical victims. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 102, 143-153.

Fetherstonhaugh, D., Slovic, P., Johnson, S. M., & Fr iedrich, J. (1997). Insensitivity to the valueof human life: A study of psychophysical numbing.Journal of Riskand Uncertainty, 14 (3), 282-300.

… look at existing stories and strip them down to their core components

There are innumerable sources on this including:

Polti, Georges. The Thirty-Six Dramatic Situations. trans. Lucille Ray, Aarne–Thompson classificationTobias, Ronald B. 20 Master Plots. Cincinnati: Writer’s Digest Books, 1993. (ISBN 0-89879-595-8)

Various theories Vladimir Propp,1928, Joseph Campbell’s theory (Campbell 1949, Jung

Bob McGee’s Story: Substance, Structure, Style, and the Principles of Screenwriting (1997).

… down to seven basic plots.

Booker C. Seven Plots

Page 108

… pay a large libel settlement and publish a full retraction http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/7957631/Dr-Pachauri-Apology.html

he can no longer distinguish between fact and fiction http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/georgemonbiot/2011/oct/13/christopher-booker

… they were in near total agreement

Rebel-in-Chief: Inside the Bold and Controversial Presidency of George W. Bush,” Fred Barnes,

…presented as “scientific” evidence into a U.S. Senate committee

Leggett, J. (2005). Dangerous fiction. New Scientist, 185(2489),

Page 109

POWERFUL WORDS

How the words we use effect the way we feel

 

… nearly derailed Obama’s health care plan

According to Time Magazie Michael Scherer (March 4, 2010). "The White House Scrambles to Tame the News Cyclone". TIME.

… the person who relieves that affliction is a hero http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2003/10/27_lakoff.shtml

… biased their entire decision making

Hardisty, David J., Johnson, Eric J. and Weber, Elke U., A Dirty Word or a Dirty World? Attribute Framing, Political Affiliation, and Query Theory (August 13, 2009). Psychological Science, Forthcoming. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1448816

Page 110

…on this basis we should call tomatoes “ketchup”

Journalist Andrew Nikiforuk in Tar Sands: Dirty Oil and the Future of a Continent quoted in Jeff Gailus A Short History of Greenwashing the Tar Sands, Part 1 http://desmog.ca/2013/03/19/short-history-greenwashing-tar-sands

 

… They dully dubbed it Climategate

The British climate denier journalist James Delingpole claims the credit, but it really was hardly a moment of great linguistic originality.

… appeared over nine million times across the internet

Climate change: this is the worst scientific scandal of our generation The Telegraph. 20 November

… biscuitgate, creamcheesgate, and pastagate

For a full list see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_scandals_with_%22-gate%22_suffix

… Amazongate, Glaciergate, Hurricanegate

http://reason.com/blog/2010/01/27/first-climategate-then-glacier

Page 111

 

… all have far more precise meanings in science than in general use

Hassol, S. J. (2008 March 11). Improving how scientistscommunicate about climate change. Education Module. Center for Research on Eos, 89(11),

to the general public, they suggest an improvement

Hassol, S. J. (2008 March 11). Improving how scientistscommunicate about climate change. Education Module. Center for Research on Eos, 89(11),

Climatic Change: Are We on the Brink of a Pronounced Global Warming?”  “Climatic Change: Are We on the Brink of a Pronounced Global Warming?” [Wallace S. Broecker; Science; 8 August 1975: pp460-463].

had less connection to the burning of fossil fuels.

Steven Poole, Author of Unspeak: How Words Become Weapons

… President Bush adopted the term climate change in all subsequent speeches

 But the evidence was not conclusive.Another study found that 40% more republicans said that the problem was real when it was called “climate change” than when it was called global warmingJonathan Schuldt, Sara H. Konrath, and Norbert Schwarz, “‘Global Warming’ or

… more likely to believe in ‘climate change’ than ‘global warming’

‘Climate Change’? Whether the Planet Is Warming Depends on Question Wording,” Public Opinion Quarterly 75(1), 2011.

more likely to believe in ‘climate change’ than ‘global warming’

Dr. Ashley Anderson at Colorado State University quoted http://www.carbonbrief.org/blog/2013/09/carbon-pollution/?utm_source=Daily+Carbon+Briefing&utm_campaign=3dfa4b45be-DAILY_BRIEFING&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_876aab4fd7-3dfa4b45be-303421141

Page 112

Global Wierding’

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/17/opinion/17friedman.html

“global climate disruption”

Global Heating, Atmosphere Cancer, Pollution Death. What’s in a Name? Andrew Revkin February 18, 2008, 12:32 am http://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/02/18/global-heating-atmosphere-cancer-pollution-death-whats-in-a-name/#h[]

…“Atmosphere Cancer” or “Pollution Death”

http://sethgodin.typepad.com/seths_blog/2006/03/the_problem_wit.html

… to be its “Word of the Year”

New Oxford American Dictionary; Oxford University Press, 2006

 

 

…spread of 34 new carbon compound phrases in the media and internet.

From Carbon Markets to Carbon Morality: Creative Compounds as Framing Devices in Online Discourses on Climate Change Mitigation  Nelya Koteyko, Mike Thelwall and Brigitte Nerlich

… sounds like drinking cold tea in a dank basement.

See my own book Carbon Detox for a detailed discussion of this

Page 113

…subject to regulation by the Environmental Protection Agency

Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency, 549 U.S. 497 (2007)

… His project, which was endorsed by Albert Einstein

Hamilton, Clive, Requiem for a Species p.

… proposed ringing the world with huge coal fired “carbon-dioxide generators”

Corsi, G, (2009) CO2 promoted as greenhouse gas needed to fight global starvation

http://www.wnd.com/2009/12/118304/

…social meaning that people create rather than the terms themselves ‘Carbon pollution’: What’s the use of a new term in the climate debate?, Ros Donald, Carbon Brief, 4th September 2013.

http://www.carbonbrief.org/blog/2013/09/carbon-pollution/

One British poll showed there was only 1% difference in peoples response to the terms.

Page 114

… into an open oven on the strength of a Faustian Bargain

Chain reactions, black holes and climate change, Andrew Glikson* and Emily Spence*

http://webdiary.com.au/cms/?q=node/2699

…this time they are raising a tree not a flag

http://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,20080428,00.html

 

…Battle of the Bulge type effort by the forces of darkness

Myron Ebell quoted in The Tempest Joel Achenbach Washington Post Sunday, May 28, 2006

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/05/23/AR2006052301305.html

…almost as much as Hitler believed there was something wrong with the Jews."

William Gray quoted in The Tempest Joel Achenbach Washington Post Sunday, May 28, 2006

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/05/23/AR2006052301305.html

Page 115

… loaded with uncountable irreplaceable species.

Reported by Andre Revkin, Climate, Coal and Crematoria, 26th November 2007 http://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/11/26/holocausts/

… rejected the phrase ‘interstate gulag’

http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/kyoto-treaty-is-an-auschwitz-for-russia-says-putins-adviser-6171091.html

Page 116

COMMUNICATOR TRUST

Why we have to trust the communicator.

the teasing title “the most terrifying video you will ever see”

Watch it at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zORv8wwiadQ

Page 117

… trust television weather forecasters

 Leiserowitz, A., Maibach, E., Roser-Renouf, C., Feinberg, G., & Howe, P. (2012) Climate change in the American mind: Americans’ global warming beliefs and attitudes in September, 2012. Yale University and George Mason University. New Haven, CT: Yale Project on Climate Change Communication. http://environment.yale.edu/climate/files/Climate-Beliefs-September-2012.pdf

 

…more than a quarter believed that it is a “scam.”

http://www.climatechangecommunication.org/images/files/TV_Meteorologists_Survey_Findings_%28March_2010%29.pdf

 

 … someone who has taken a personal risk or would face penalties if he or she lied

See Arthur Lupia and Mathew D. McCubbins, The Democratic Dilemma: Can Citizens Learn What They Need to Know? Cambridge University Press, 1998

… an act of great social risk and proof of their integrity

Breaking Up the EchoCASS R. SUNSTEIN September 17, 2012

… the next 25 years undermining every campaign they ran. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Moore_%28environmentalist%29

…(even though there was no record of his ever having been one)

http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Bjorn_Lomborg

Page 118

… nearly 40% of them mention Gore

cited in Hoffman, A. (2011) “Talking past each other? Cultural framing of skeptical and convinced logics in the climate change debate.” Organization & Environment, 24 (1): 3-33.

… photoshopped clouds out of the cover photo of the Earth

http://arstechnica.com/science/2013/10/a-climate-skeptic-states-his-case/

Page 119

… translated sustainabilty into the language of military strategists

A New U.S. Grand Strategy Why walkable communities, sustainable economics, and multilateral diplomacy are the future of American power.JANUARY 9, 2013 http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2013/01/09/a_new_US_grand_strategy

taking a gut punch and come back swinging

Fewer Swords, More Plowshares: A Marine Rethinks National Security And The Threat From Unsustainability

 

Babies… poisoned every year by toxins released from burning fossil fuels.

Global Warming is a Conservative Issue Marshall Connolly, Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM) March 25th, 2013

… entirely of photographs of farmers and their families.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AMpZ0TGjbWE

And, to be fair no environmental organisation would be able to pay $16 million for a two minute commercial during Superbowl.

Page 120

… called Slow Ride Stories

http://slowridestories.com/

… changes they have seen and their concerns for the future

http://climatewisconsin.org/

 

Page 121

If they don’t understand the theories talk about them over and over and over again

 

Page 122

… the so called ‘paradigm wars’ between positivism

This divide erupted in spectacular fashion in 1996 with Sokal Hoax. Although it was more of a vicious prank- where a physicist- somehow always a physicist- placed an entirely spurious article in a social science journal in order to show up the ineptitude of their review process.

… we have to offer scary scenarios, make simplified dramatic statements”

Quoted in Dan Gardner Risk p155 paraphrased

Page 123

… providing factual inputs into rational decision-making processes”

Discussion, great expectations: these psycho dynamics of ecological debt. Bob Ward in Engaging with climate change  – psychoanalytic perspectives

… talk about it over and over and over again, because that's how you learn”Advocates see recent extreme weather as a 'teachable moment'Jean Chemnick, E&E reporter Advocates see recent extreme weather as a 'teachable moment' www.eenews.net/stories/1059968551 Greenwire: Wednesday, August 8, 2012

…‘empty vessels who will respond appropriately once informed of the facts”. Actually this was not Bob Ward, it was Professor Chris Rapley in the Intoduction Engaging with cc – psychoanalytic perspectives

… Announcing a new report by the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research

http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-9326/7/4/044035/article

…misconception popular in some quarters, that global warming has slowed down” Environmental Research Web Sea level rising faster than IPCC projected Nov 28, 2012 http://environmentalresearchweb.org/cws/article/news/51673

… change their behaviour or support government policy

Bord, Richard, Robert E. O'Connor and Ann Fischer 2000. In what sense does the public need to understand global climate change? Public Understanding of Science, 9(3): 205-218.

Page 124

… were close together in their opinions on the issue

Krosnick, J. A., Holbrook, A. L., & Visser, P. S. (2000). The impact of the fall 1997 debate about global warming on American public opinion. Public Understanding of Science, 9, 239-260.

… didn’t grasp climate change had fallen to just 3%

Nisbet, M. C., & Myers, T. (2007, Fall). The polls: Trends. Twenty years of public opinion about global warming. Public Opinion Quarterly, 71, 444-470.

… the less likely they were to believe in it

Dunlap, R. E., & McCright, A. M. (2008, September/October). A widening gap: Republican and Democratic views on climate change. Environment, pp. 26-35.

…slightly better general understanding of science than believers

A Cooling Climate for Change? Party Polarization and the Politics of Global Warming; Deborah Lynn GuberAmerican Behavioral Scientist 2013 57: 93

…a surplus of culture rather than a deficit of information’

Clive Hamilton: what history can teach us about denial   Engaging with climate change – psychoanalytic perspectives

… to create more arguments for their existing view

Perkins, D. N., Faraday, M., & Bushey, B. (1991). Everyday reasoning and the roots of intelligence. In J. F. Voss, D. N. Perkins, & J. W. Segal (Eds.), Informal reasoning and education (pp. 83-106). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

… the opinions that they already agreed with

Kahan, D.M., Jenkins-Smith, H. & Braman, D. Cultural Cognition of Scientific Consensus. J. Risk Res. 14, 147-174 (2011).

… charts that whizz round, spin round or bulge out

A good example of something very dull with fancy graphics that is still very dull https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HQFz7SYcPyw

Page 125

…more colloquial language to convey degrees of certainty and uncertainty

Climate heretic: Judith Curry turns on her colleagues. Michael D. Lemonick, Scientific American, 25th October 2010

… strong criticism from a council of international science academies

2010 Harold Shapiro, Opening Statement by U.N. Press Conference Aug. 30, 2010 Chair, InterAcademy Council Committee to Review the IPCC http://reviewipcc.interacademycouncil.net/OpeningStatement.html

…underestimated the probabilities that the IPCC intended it to communicate

Budescu, D. V., Broomell, S., & Por, H. (2009). Improving communication of uncertainty in the reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Psychological Science 20, 299–308.

…95 to 97% of scientists or peer reviewed papers agree human activities are responsible for climate change.

See  John Cook et al 2013 Quantifying the consensus on anthropogenic global warming in the scientific literature Environ. Res. Lett. 8 024024

Naomi Oreskes (Science, 2005) http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/306/5702/1686#ref9

Expert credibility in climate change Anderegga et al PNAS 2009.

The State of Climate Science A Thorough Review of the Scientific Literature on Global Warming by Dr. James Powell | Thursday, November 15th, 2012  

And http://theconsensusproject.com/

… they did win their goal, which was simply knowledge.

The discovery of global warming - Spencer R. Weart

… but it's a skill climate communicators need to learn”

http://www.theguardian.com/environment/climate-consensus-97-per-cent/2013/sep/20/climate-change-scientists-personal-stories

Page 127

Protect, Ban, Save, and Stop

…“other environmental problems pale beside it”

 U.S. Congress “Environmental Implications of the New Energy Plan” Hearing before the Subcommittee on the Environment and the Atmosphere, Committee on Science and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives 1977,

http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015081118674;view=1up;seq=120

 Page 130

…and party with the global warming deniers.”

Al Gore speaking at Seattle university Oct 24th 2006- cited in The Great Global Warming Blunder, Roy W Spencer

… talking about humans as a plague

For example the venerated British conservationist David Attenborough: “Humans are a plague on the Earth” 22 January 2013 http://www.radiotimes.com/news/2013-01-22/david-attenborough-humans-are-a-plague-on-the-earth

…too many people, using too many resources" Chris Horner, general counsel of the Cooler Heads Coalition, quoted in The Tempest Joel Achenbach Sunday, May 28, 2006; W08

… skyscrapers, burning forests, an iceberg crumbles

I wrote this text directly as it is said on the film’s official commentary for the visually impaired.

Page 131

other issues (employment, economy, crime, defence) that people care most about

This point is well made in A Cooling Climate for Change? Party Polarization and the Politics of Global Warming Deborah Lynn Guber Deborah.Guber@uvm.edu

… to us it was the sweet smell of money because it paid the bills“

LeeBaringer in http://www.resilience.org/stories/2013-02-25/you-load-sixteen-tons-and-what-do-you-get

Page 133

…Fred Smith, founder of the CEI says "It should always bring a tear to your eye,"

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/05/23/AR2006052301305_5.html

… as they would in every culture in the world

As I argue in http://www.theguardian.com/environment/cif-green/2009/mar/27/climate-change-carbon-emissions this is why the Welsh poet, Dylan Thomas, calls on us to ‘rage against the dying of the light’ or Sir Edward Grey, British government Foreign Secretary on the eve of the first World War, is now best remembered for a single quote: "The lamps are going out all over Europe. We shall not see them lit again in our time"

…as would be used in an apartment over three months.

http://www.changiairport.com/at-changi/events-and-promotions/changi-airport-celebrates-earth-hour

Page 134

… live out in the wilderness and burn dung to cook their meals

Alan Caruba March 26, 2010 It's Always "Earth Hour" in North Korea http://factsnotfantasy.blogspot.co.uk/2010/03/its-always-earth-hour-in-north-korea.html

 

Page 135

POLARISATION

 

… I wonder if we should throw ourselves under its paws

Actually the story that people ever sacrificed themselves under tghe wheels of Jagganath, renamed the Juggernaut, is quite untrue, but it’s a great story.

Page 136

… When Time magazine ran its first special issue

http://content.time.com/time/magazine/0,9263,7601060403,00.html

… represents ‘the idea of pure fragile environment most affected by change’

O’Neill, S. et al (2009. An iconic approach for representing climate change. Global Environmental Change 01/2009;

…“the proverbial canary in the coal mine"

https://www.nwf.org/Wildlife/Threats-to-Wildlife/Global-Warming/Effects-on-Wildlife-and-Habitat/Polar-Bears.aspx

…very large variations in their short term predictions

O’Neill, S.  et al (2009. An iconic approach for representing climate change. Global Environmental Change 01/2009;

… others rising following the suspension of hunting

Stirling, I. & Parkinson, C.L. (2006) Possible effects of climate warming on selected populations of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) in the Canadian Arctic. Arctic, 59, 261-75.

 

February 8, 2013, 7:28 p.m. Wall Street Journal Are Polar Bears Really Disappearing? http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887323452204578288343627282034.html

Peacock, E., Taylor, M.K., Laake, J., and Stirling, I. 2013. Population ecology of polar bears in Davis Strait, Canada and Greenland. Journal of Wildlife Management 77:463–476.

… threatens more than just polar bears and ice caps

http://www.christianaid.org.uk/images/climate-change-poster1.pdf

… tote bags, cuddly toy bears

http://www.wwf-adopt-a-animal.co.uk/charities/wwf-animal-adoptions/adopt-a-polar-bear/

… photo of mom and her two cubs

https://www.polarbearsinternational.org/adopt

 

… earns you a four foot stuffed bear.

http://www.shopnwf.org/Adopt-a-Polar-Bear/index.cat

Page 137

…that celebrates snow and ice, polar bears, penguins and glaciers. 

Williamson, JH. (2010). Unfreezing the truth: knowledge and Denial in Climate change imagery, Dialogues with Tomorrow June 2010 http://www.dialogues.org.nz/2010/index.php?/06/judith-williamson/

Page 138

TURN OFF YOUR LIGHTS OR THE PUPPY GETS IT

Page 139

 Government adverts that used nursery rhymes to warn of climate change have been branded by experts as 'simplistic communication tools' that have set back the fight against global warming back by several years. Louise Gray, Environment Correspondent Published: 7:00AM GMT 18 Mar 2010 www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/environment/climatechange/7466730/Climate-change-adverts-simplistic-tools.html

 

Note: The complaints about the tv ad were not upheld. The complaints against the press adverts were. However there may well have been far more that 900 complainers – above this number they discouraged additional complainers from registering a formal complaint. http://www.asa.org.uk/Rulings/Adjudications/2010/3/Department-of-Energy-and-Climate-Change/TF_ADJ_48225.aspx

… for which the advertising agency surely deserved some award

Credit where credit is due- the agency was Abbott Mead Vickers

… framing climate change as a fairy tale

Print advertisements on the same theme appeared simultaneously in the newspapers. One read:“Rub a dub dub, three men in a tub, a necessary course of action due to flash flooding caused by climate change”.

… to communicate a positive and aspirational vision

See: Sizzle www.futerra.co.uk/downloads/Sellthesizzle.pdf

 

… as much use as a marzipan dildo

Climate change adverts help take debate among public back several years. Ed Gillespie, http://www.theguardian.com/environment/blog/2010/mar/17/climate-change-advertising-standards-authority

… potential for raising a visceral reaction to the risk,"

Weber, E, 2006, Experience-Based and Description-Based Perceptions of Long-Term Risk: Why Blobal Warming Does Not Scare Us (Yet) Climatic Change (2006) 77: 103–120

https://www.rsmas.miami.edu/users/agriculture/pubs/papers/Full_versions/Weber_2006.pdf

 

… adopt a range of strategies to diminish their sense of internal fear

Wood, W. (2000). Attitude change: persuasion and social influence. Annual Review of Psychology, 51, 539-570.

Page 140

 

…may require ever greater urgency or threat to stay interested

Hastings, G., Stead, M., & Webb, J. (2004). Fear appeals in social marketing: Strategic and ethical reasons for concern. Psychology & Marketing, 21, 961-986.

… the longer term positive reasons for changing their consumption.

Weber, E, 2006, Experience-Based and Description-Based Perceptions of Long-Term Risk: Why Blobal Warming Does Not Scare Us (Yet) Climatic Change (2006) 77: 103–120

https://www.rsmas.miami.edu/users/agriculture/pubs/papers/Full_versions/Weber_2006.pdf

 

NOTE: Charles Darwin followed a similar process when deciding whether or marry on not. Having listed on one side of a piece of paper all the reasons why he should marry,concluding with a reverie about “a nice soft wife on a sofa with good fire, music perhaps”, hetries to found it quite impossible on the other side of the page to find any good reasons why he should not.Even the loss of “conversation with clever men at clubs” can’t compete with the well upholstered sofa and spouse combo.The next line he writes is:‘ It being proved necessary to Marry. When? Soon or late?

…unwittingly projecting their own anxieties onto the people they want to engage

The difficult problem of anxiety in thinking about climate change S. Weintrobe

Engaging with cc – psychoanalytic perspectives

…only really take off in popular usage in the 1960s.

See google ngram wordsearch http://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=doom-monger&year_start=1800&year_end=2000&corpus=15&smoothing=3&share=

…for ‘warmers’ it is Halloween all year long         

Gordon Fulks (2012) Climate Orthodoxy perpetuates a Hoax January 25, 2012

 

... Hell is coming, but it’s coming a lot faster than any think

Atcheson, J. (2012) We Are Writing the Epilogue to the World We Knew http://www.commondreams.org/views/2012/08/31/we-are-writing-epilogue-world-we-knew

 

Page 141

…apocalyptic messages their belief in climate change fell dramatically

Feinberg, M. & Willer, R. (2011) Apocalypse Soon? Dire messages reduce belief in global warming by contradicting just-world beliefs. Psychol Sci. 2011 Jan;22(1):34-8

… made in 2006 by the Environmental Defense Fund

Sadly the video is no longer online but an adapted version for an anti-tax campaign can be seen at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F7cq7G5Diq4

… the Bomb was back, like the ghost at a banquet of anxiety

http://www.theage.com.au/news/in-depth/paranoid-planet/2007/03/17/1174080219538.html

… hoping to raise a subsistence crop”.

Quited by Lomborg, B. Environmenal Alarmism: then and now, july 2012, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/137681/bjorn-lomborg/environmental-alarmism-then-and-now

Page 142

… is the fable of Chicken Little

See for example The Sky's Not Falling!: Why It's Ok to Chill About Global Warming http://perc.org/sites/default/files/Sky%20Not%20Falling%20Intro.pdf

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/6247371.stm

…the need to find your own evidence (Tibet)

Note In the Tibetan version the lion deity tells the animals:“"Let not men believe in words. They ought to see everything for themselves”

… in a 1943 Disney cartoon, wartime rumours

The many and various versions are compared at: http://appleblossum.wordpress.com/comparing-the-tales/comparing-versions-of-henny-penny-chicken-little/

…“The time to cry wolf is here

James Hansen quotes in Nance, John J. What Goes Up: the Global Assault on Our Atmosphere. New York: William Morrow and Co., 1991.

Page 143

… that reported the original fears under lurid exaggerated headlines For example http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2217286/Global-warming-stopped-16-years-ago-reveals-Met-Office-report-quietly-released--chart-prove-it.html

… Americans believe the media exaggerates the threat of climate change http://www.meteorologynews.com/2009/03/15/global-warming-skeptics-gaining-ground/

… not one of these words were present in the original document

Hulme, M. (2007) Newspaper scare headlines can be counter-productive. Nature 445, 818 (22 February 2007) http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v445/n7130/full/445818b.html

…News reports duly carried headlines talking about 11 degrees of warning. www.levesoninquiry.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/Witness-Statement-of-Fiona-Fox.pdf

Page 144

… a very substantial virtual  and  psychological reality”

I. Weissbecker (ed.), (2011) Climate Change and Human Well-Being, International  and Cultural Psychology,

… rather than the record collapse of ice in the arctic

Romm J. (2011) Breaking: The earth is breaking … but how about that Royal Wedding? May 3, 2011

http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2011/05/03/208010/royal-wedding/

Page 145

BRIGHTSIDING

 

… block out unpleasant possibilities and ‘negative’ thoughts”

Barbara Ehrenreich, (2010). Bright-Sided: How the relentless promotion of positive thinking has undermined America,

Page 146

…5 million new jobs, easily, here in the United States."

http://washingtonexaminer.com/californias-green-jobs-bust/article/2522728

… in his testimony to the US Senate on climate change

Testimony of the Honorable Al Gore before the United States Senate, Environment & Public Works Committee. March 21, 2007 www.epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=Files.View&FileStore_id=e060b5ca-6df7-495d-afde-9bb98c9b4d41

… Weiji occupies the entire inside inside cover

Nordhaus T., and Shellenberger, M.  (2004) The Death of Environmentalism. http://thebreakthrough.org/PDF/Death_of_Environmentalism.pdf

Their sequel The Emerging Climate Concensus has another ideogram on the cover- the Japanese “kakushin,” which the say means “radical innovation and renewal”. Actually it means a much milder form of reformism

… it simply means ‘a moment’

http://www.gembapantarei.com/2006/12/and_now_we_have_kakushin_sigh.html

 

… it could mean airplane and inorganic chemisty

Crisis = danger + opportunity: The plot thickens http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/004343.html

… an optimist sees the opportunity in every difficulty.’

http://www.nciku.com/search/zh/detail/%E6%9C%BA/1306789

…‘I have a dream’ not ‘I have a nightmare’

Quoted all over the place: For example. http://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/public/Meetings/Meeting%20Transcripts/300112alnaimi.pdf

http://rogerpielkejr.blogspot.co.uk/2011/11/dreams-not-nightmares.html

http://thebreakthrough.org/PDF/Death_of_Environmentalism.pdf

 

… told the truth honestly, with conviction and eloquence

David Orr (2009) Down to the Wire: Confronting Climate Collapse Preface,

Page 147

…instead of scare people with gloom and doomsday scenarios

Guide to Sustainia www.sustainia.me/guidetosustainia/Guide_to_Sustainia_2013.pdf

 

…a luxurious, desirable lifestyle you cannot live without.”

The Greatest Story Never Told http://greengrowthleaders.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/111124-Take-Lead-Whitepaper-FINAL.pdf

… A promotional video gives us a window

Note: It was made with the same software as the virtual world Second Life-which explains its strange avatars

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PIguBIwpg98

… to be a part of the solution, not just part of the problem

http://www.dnv.com/binaries/sustainia_press_release_tcm4-510568.pdf

Page 148

… you know it is non-polluting.  Ahhhh… fresh air.”

Guide to Sustainia www.sustainia.me/guidetosustainia/Guide_to_Sustainia_2013.pdf

 

… Obama administration has poured $5 billion in research grants

http://www.usembassy.org.uk/esthblog/2012/06/26/united-states-makes-strides-in-clean-energy/

… This will, he says make us tough.

http://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2013/01/climate-change-doesnt-have-to-mean-the-end-of-the-world/267091/

… more chillingly climate remediation

http://bipartisanpolicy.org/sites/default/files/BPC%20Climate%20Remediation%20Final%20Report.pdf

… co-founder of Skype and Bill Gates

http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2012/feb/06/bill-gates-climate-scientists-geoengineering

…the world's leading funder of research into geoengineering

http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2011/10/07/the-business-of-cooling-the-planet/

… a competition called the Virgin Earth Challenge 

http://www.virginearth.com/

Page 149

the solution of geo-engineering  as “more cost-effective”

http://news.heartland.org/newspaper-article/2007/04/01/senator-calls-national-low-carbon-fuel-standards

…required for greenhouse gas reductions to take full effect."

http://news.heartland.org/newspaper-article/2007/12/01/geo-engineering-seen-practical-cost-effective-global-warming-strategy

PAGE 150

as a “credentialed counter guest”  who will offer a lively, fair and balanced discussion”.

http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/2009/04/09/why-reason-loses-special-marc-morano-edition/#.Uf4ir9k_duw

… could be very clearly heard saying “Christ, what an arsehole”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=op4MROBU-FU

… makes it sound like we should be subject to death threats, harmed or killed’

http://www.climatedepot.com/2012/12/02/Climategates-Michael-Mann-on-Morano-Hes-a-hired-assassinhe-spreads-malicious-lieshe-uses-language-that-makes-it-sound-like-we-should-be-subject-to-death-threats/

… on the topic ‘ Global warming is not a crisis’. 

Listen to the recording at http://www.npr.org/2007/03/22/9082151/global-warming-is-not-a-crisis

The transcript is at http://intelligencesquaredus.org/images/debates/past/transcripts/GlobalWarming-031407.pdf

… and hit on John Stossel on Fox

Stossel programme, Fox - 04/04/2013- sadly not online

 

Page 155

TWO BILLION BYSTANDERS

 

Page 156

… JUMP!!".  There were 150 complaints

"BBC receive 150 complaints over use of foul language during Live Earth". Daily Mail. Retrieved 2009-05-21.

…the  killer line: “thank God it's them instead of you”

http://www.elyrics.net/read/a/aid-band-lyrics/do-they-know-it_s-christmas-lyrics.html

... the images that ran on the video screens behind Madonna http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zqKTcWJoXvs

Page 157

… use my own chopsticks instead of disposable ones”

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/06/AR2007070600359_pf.html

…British Prime Minister in her 18 bedroom pied a terre in London http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-467114/BBC-receive-150-complaints-use-foul-language-Live-Earth.html

… her $40 million apartment in New York

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-464166/Madonna-buys-sixth-London-home-6-million.html#ixzz2U1GplkiG

… over 1,000 tonnes of carbon dioxide

http://www.bbc.co.uk/london/content/articles/2007/07/03/madonna_carbon_footprint_feature.shtml

… not just people, they are narratives in their own right.

Brockington, D., (2009) Celebrity and the Environment: Fame, Wealth and Power in Conservation. Zed Books

… hold a hog roast to promote vegetarianism?'

Rockin' all over the world (but just watch your carbon footprint), http://www.theguardian.com/media/2007/jul/08/musicnews.broadcasting

Page 158

.. that they make this cause their own

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/02/AR2007070201007.html

Page 159

POSTCARD FROM HOPENHAGEN

 

…vast theme park for climate kitsch

http://climatedenial.org/2009/12/18/carbon-supplicants-on-the-copenhagen-pilgrimage/

Page 160

…we can act boldly, and decisively, in the face of this common threat.”

http://edition.cnn.com/2009/POLITICS/12/18/obama.copenhagen.transcript/

…We will honour our word with real action

http://www.scribd.com/doc/24278538/Wen-Jiabao-speech-to-COP15-Copenhagen-December-18

…It's not a meteor or a space invader

[Note- actually this language was used in a speech by Todd Stern at the U.S. Climate Action Symposium on March3rd 2009 referring to the coming Copenhagen Conference].

 http://london.usembassy.gov/eande008.html

… Let's get it done! Now!!!"

http://unfccc.int/files/meetings/cop_15/statements/application/pdf/cop15-president_speech_final_061209.pdf

… the little orchestra on the Titanic.”

http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/video/2008/dec/08/monbiot-yvo-de-boer-climate

 

… many more steps in the future.

José Manuel Durão Barroso - President of the European Commission - Statement of President Barroso on the Copenhagen Climate Accord COP 15 Copenhagen, 19 December 2009 http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_SPEECH-09-588_en.htm

… Copenhagen conference as an "essential beginning"

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/copenhagen-climate-change-confe/6844148/Copenhagen-climate-summit-Ban-Ki-moon-hails-deal-as-essential-beginning.html

Page 161

“set the stage for the Climate Change Conference in Bali” http://unfccc.int/files/press/news_room/press_releases_and_advisories/application/pdf/20070810_vienna_climate_change_talks_2007.pdf

“set the stage for ambitious action”

http://www.cfr.org/climate-change/after-copenhagen/p22726?breadcrumb=%2Fthinktank%2Fiigg%2Fpublications

set the stage for the big deal in 2015”

Why the Doha climate conference was a success Connie Hedegaardguardian.co.uk, Friday 14 December http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2012/dec/14/doha-climate-conference-success

… like the surreal films of Luis Bunuel

I am thinking of The Discrete Charm of the Bourgeoisie (1972) where they never get to eat dinner though it may be more like The Exterminating Angel (1962) where they never get to leave.

… for a “roadmap for the further negotiations”

All of these quotes taken from from ‘calls for action’ at the High-Level Event on Climate Change, UN Headquarters, New York, in September September 2007 http://unfccc.int/meetings/cop_13/welcome_message/items/4210.php

…Not with action right now, but with something else later

Now Show, 18/12/09. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3_RlKxz_ymQ

Page 162

PRECEDENTS AND PRESIDENTS

 

... as a metaphor for decisive political action on climate change

See for example Al Gore quoted in http://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/01/opinion/01gore.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0

control on the production of ozone depleting chemicals

Smith, R. J, (2010) Negotiating Environment and Science: An Insider's View of International Agreements, from Driftnets to the Space Station

Page 163

… excessively cautious about making confident predictions on the climate issue.

A. Bostrom, M. G. Morgan, B. Fischoff, and D. Read, “What do People Know About Global Climate Change: Mental Models,” Risk Analysis 14 (1994): 959–969. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959378012001215

… most successful environmental protection agreement ever reached”

European Commission The Montreal Protocol Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities 2007 p5.

…ozone depletion was the main cause of global warming

Pigeon NF (2006) Public views on climate change: European and USA perspectives. Climate Change 77:73–95 http://www.atmosp.physics.utoronto.ca/people/lev/ESSgc/lorenzoniPclimchng06.pdf

… still believed that spray cans caused global warming

Leiserowitz A, Smith N (2010) Knowledge of Climate Change across Global Warming’s Six Americas. Yale University, New Haven CT: Yale Project on Climate Change Communication. www.environment.yale.edu/climate/files/Knowledge_Across_Six_Americas.pdf

Page 164

… the dynamic young director of the Environmental Defense Fund http://www.edf.org/approach/markets/acid-rain

respected growth, jobs, taxpayer and stockholder interests”

“New Environmentalism Factors in Economic Needs.” Wall Street Journal November 20, 1986

 

“the holy grail of environmental policymaking”

Leigh Raymond, “The Emerging Revolution in Emissions Trading Policy,” in Greenhouse Governance: Addressing Climate Change in America, edited by Barry G. Rabe (Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution,2010), p. 105.

… the code words for “market socialism”.

A quote from Myron Ebell in his interview with George Marshall for this book

…“the key tool for reducing emissions”

http://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol/mechanisms/items/1673.php

Page 165

… emissions had already been decided and allocated as permits

Grischa Perino Private provision of publicgoods in a second best world: Cap- and- - trade schemes limitgreen consumerism CBESS Discussion Paper13 http://www.uea.ac.uk/documents/166500/0/CBESS-13-01/bb866dfc-ce62-4d3b-8142-5252120f4e2f

… Thomson Reuters Point Carbon, to a “market meltdown

Carbon price suffers 'dramatic and enduring' slump http://www.businessgreen.com/bg/news/2242258/carbon-price-suffers-dramatic-and-enduring-slump

… savings of all  the European renewable and energy efficiency efforts

June 2013 Report: Drifting Toward Disaster: The EU ETS adrift in Europe's climate efforts http://www.sandbag.org.uk/site_media/pdfs/reports/Drifting_Towards_Disaster.pdf

… described by the Economist magazine as a ‘shambles’

Carbon trade markets collapsing Simon Butler Green Left Weekly, September 20, 2012

https://www.greenleft.org.au/node/52285

… can claim credits for destroying it http://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/09/world/asia/incentive-to-slow-climate-change-drives-output-of-harmful-gases.html?pagewanted=all&_r=1&

Page 166

… buying carbon credits from another new coal power plant in India http://www.icis.com/heren/articles/2012/09/14/9595809/un-weakens-cdm-green-credentials-sparks-new-cer-oversupply.html

…“Experience, they said, “can carry fatal baggage.

Rayner, Steve and Prins, Gwyn (2007) The Wrong Trousers: Radically Rethinking Climate Policy. Institute for Science, Innovation and Society, Oxford, UK. p14

Page 168

WELLHEAD AND TAILPIPE

 

… appears in every text book and informs every policy

[Note: The burning of fossil fuels is the single largest factor,accounting for 57% of all human induced climate change– there are other greenhouse gases that cause climate change and other factors such as soot, aerosols, the reflective albedo of theearth surface and so on. But this is the basic carbon cycle].

Page 169

…“the chief threat of the 21st century”

Hillary Clinton, US Secretary of State, press release, Jan. 26, 2009

… an experience that she described as ‘sobering’

Clinton in Arctic to see impact of climate change AFP , Saturday 2 Jun 2012-

… the country director of Exxon on the expansion of arctic oil production.

http://norway.usembassy.gov/clintoninnorway2012.html

… release 20 billion barrels of oil around British coasts

Press relase Jan 27, 2010 http://www.mynewsdesk.com/uk/view/pressrelease/department-of-energy-and-climate-change-record-acreage-announced-in-latest-licensing-round-for-offshore-oil-and-gas-exploration-365987

… the government will reduce its emissions by 10%

https://www.og.decc.gov.uk/press/pn10_01.pdf

… spends nearly $2billion per year on international control measures ‎https://www.gov.uk/government/news/cutting-central-government-emissions-by-10-in-12-months

Page 170

… focuses exclusively on the addicts

National Drug Control Budget, FY 2014 Funding Highlights http://www.whitehouse.gov/ondcp/the-national-drug-control-budget-fy-2013-funding-highlights

[Note: Policy interventions to reduce drinking and smoking have always considered ways to restrict the supply of cigarettes and alcohol, but these are not transboundary issues like climate change and local taxation and licensing laws have been found to be the best mechanisms to manage supply].

… a cap on coal at the minehead.

Thomas Schelling quoted in http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2009/07/an-interview-with-thomas-schelling-part-one/21199/

… the cheapest and most enforceable system is to tax the carbon content of the fuels

Stavins, R (2012). Pricing Carbon: Where We’ve Been, Where We Are And Where We May Be Going Posted: Nov 2012

Page 172

… plans to open up 167 million acres of the Atlantic coast for oil drilling.

Eric Weltman, “A Wasted Crisis: How the Environmental Movement Missed the Moment on Climate Change,” In These Times, December 1, 2010.

Page 174

 

… investment in renewable energy was an impressive $244 billion

Global Trends in Renewable Energy Investment 2013 http://fs-unep-centre.org/publications/global-trends-renewable-energy-investment-2013

… broke the $1 trillion barrier for the first time

http://www.pipelineandgasjournal.com/global-oil-gas-capital-expenditure-breaks-1-trillion-barrier

Page 175

THE BLACK GOOEY STUFF

Page 176

… author of the most popular textbook on the social construction of risk

Adams, J. (1995) Risk, UCL press.

Page 177

… risks as something that can be to be managed and controlled

[Note: This can lead to complacency. It is, feels Adams, no co-incidence that the Deepwater Horizon oil rig had received a safety award shortly before the disaster that killed 11 crew and polluted the Gulf of Mexico.

… about the transformation underway in his company”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yqOnbSQfibs Feb 2009

Page 178

… bringing more oil and gas reserves into production

In 2013 $33 billion in capital expenditure up 10% on 2012 http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887323701904578275131835897430.html

Page 179

… each year just to keep up with the annual increase

Figures from US Energy Information Administration (EIA) reported at http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2012/jun/21/global-carbon-emissions-record

… and whether there is enough space to put it

http://thinkprogress.org/romm/2011/11/26/376257/carbon-capture-and-storage-permanence-feasibility-and-safety-issues/

… The costs of CCS are running at $150 per tonne of Co2

www.belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/publication/19185/realistic_costs_of_carbon_capture.html?breadcrumb=%2Fproject%2F43%2Fenvironment_and_natural_resources

… if CO2 can be captured at a cost of $25 per tonne

Deutch, J., and E. Moniz. 2007. The Future of Coal—Options for a Carbon-Constrained World. MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.

… to find solutions as they present themselves to us

http://www.masterresource.org/2013/06/exxon-mobil-trumps-alarmists/

Page 180

… the ‘hinge’ on which future emissions depends

Signals and signposts- energy scenarios to 2050

http://www-static.shell.com/content/dam/shell/static/aboutshell/downloads/aboutshell/signals-signposts.pdf

… a “critical technology for reducing emissions”

http://www.bp.com/sectiongenericarticle.do?categoryId=9040837&contentId=7074218

… CCS is the “critical enabling technology”

Deutch, J., and E. Moniz. 2007. The Future of Coal—Options for a Carbon-Constrained World. MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.

… will convert 90% of coal and gas fired plants to CCS

Shell energy scenarios to 2050, Shell 2008.

http://www-static.shell.com/content/dam/shell/static/aboutshell/downloads/aboutshell/signals-signposts.pdf

Page 181

…. Here at Exxon we hate your children”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6x43h2DX7D0

… we have met the enemy and they is Shell”

McKibben, B., Global Warming's Terrifying New Math (2012). Three simple numbers that add up to global catastrophe.

http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/news/global-warmings-terrifying-new-math-20120719

Page 182

MORAL IMPERATIVES

… if you went mad and broke it.

Conversation with Lera Boroditsky [2.19.13] http://edge.org/conversation/encapsulated-universes

… an article arguing for the production of Canadian tar sands

Oil Sands: Energy Security Outweighs Environmental Harm, Report Says Environmental Capital, Wall Street Journal May 22, 2009, 11:00 AM

Page 183

…especially in regards to intergenerational rights

Psychology and Global Climate Change:

Addressing a Multi-faceted Phenomenon and Set of Challenges, American Psychological Association 2011

 

… so little discussion of the ethics of climate change?

Note:  It should be pointed out that there is a multiple university team of ethicists seeking to contribute to the international process. http://rockethics.psu.edu/climate/

… to review the desirability of preparing a draft declaration“

REPORT ON THE DESIRABILITY OF PREPARING A DRAFT UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF ETHICAL PRINCIPLESIN RELATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE

http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0018/001893/189361e.pdf

…, while simultaneously preventing anything from happening.”

Monbiot. G. (2007). Heat. Penguin.

 

… whether they regard them as intentional or not intentional

Vaish, A., et al. (2010) Young children selectively avoid helping people with harmful intentions. Child Dev. 81, 1661–1669

Page 184

 

… not William Levitt who invented the modern suburb, or Henry Ford”

Dyer, G. (2008). Climate Wars. Scribe

… and lower environmental, health, and safety standards

Hearing by the US House of RepresentativesSubcommittee on National Economic Growth, Natural Resources, and RegulatoryAffairs– “The Kyoto Protocol: Is the Clinton-Gore Administration Selling OutAmericans? Part III”, 20 May 1998

… or hard work and is therefore a fair reward

Loewenstein G., Issacharoff, S. (1994), Source Dependence in the Valuation of Objects, 7 J. BEHAV. DECISION MAKING 157

Page 185

… even more sensitive to the fair distribution of losses.

Kahneman, D. (1992). Reference Points, Anchors, Norms, and Mixed Feelings, 51 ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAV. & HUM. DECISION PROCESSES 296, 304

… the ‘Tragedy of the Commons’.

Hardin, G, (1968). The Tragedy of the Commons, Science 13 December 1968:  Vol. 162 no. 3859 pp. 1243-1248

… the ‘ultimate’ tragedy  of the global commons

Paavola, Jouni. 2011. "Climate Change: The Ultimate Tragedy of the Commons?". Property in Land and Other Resources, eds. Cole, Daniel H. and Elinor Ostrom. Cambridge, MA: Lincoln Institute of Land Policy.

… hard wired self interest and having four children of his own

http://www.nytimes.com/2003/10/28/us/0067arrett-hardin-88-ecologist-who-warned-about-excesses.html

Page 187

WHAT DID YOU DO IN THE GREAT CLIMATE WAR, DADDY?

 

…passed a sketch on to a propaganda artist he had worked with, Savile Lumley

A picture of politics A glimpse into the art of politics http://apictureofpolitics.wordpress.com/2012/02/07/sucks-to-be-him/

… one of the recurring ethical themes in climate change communication

See for example these posters http://www.nma.gov.au/__data/assets/image/0008/218564/DaddyMoral225w.jpg

http://www.redbubble.com/people/trystan/works/4306626-daddy-what-did-you-do-in-the-eco-wars

http://www.post-carbon-living.com/TTWycombe/PicturesLogos/Daddy_1.jpg

… grow out of control in the early 2000s”?”

Randers, J. (2012) A global forecast of the next Forty years, Chelsea Green. 

Page 188

…'How did you find the moral courage to solve the crisis?'"

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/environment/globalwarming/5776489/Al-Gore-draws-on-Winston-Churchill-in-global-warming-alert.html

…‘You played your part.’

Profiles of European Banks from Corporate Governance and Climate Change: The Banking Sector January 2008 CERES. http://www.banktrack.org/manage/ems_files/download/profiles_of_european_banks/080111_ceres_profiles_european_banks_for_climate_report.pdf

…$6 billion in loans to companies mining or generating power from coal

Cashing in on Coal, Kevin Smith, Platform, 2008 http://www.oyalbankofscotland.com/cioc/pdf/cashinginoncoal.pdf

…“this was the moment when the rise of the oceans began to slow

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2008/06/03/obamas-nomination-victory_n_105028.html

… from our ancestors; we borrow it from our children”

http://www.doe.gov/articles/letter-secretary-steven-chu-energy-department-employees-announcing-his-decision-not-serve

… the Australian Minister for the Environment

Uncovered in some masterful sleuthing by ‘Quote Investigator’ http://quoteinvestigator.com/2013/01/22/borrow-earth/

 

Note: It has also been corrupted by luxury watch maker Patek Philippe with the slogan was ‘you never actually own a Patek Philippe. You merely look after it for the next generation’

Wolfe D. 2008. Patek Phillippe: an Exemplar in Brand Resonance. http://agelessmarketing.typepad.com/ageless_marketing/2004/09/patek_phillippe.html

Note:  Although it is worth noting that traditionally structured societies do tend to have a far stronger sense of past and future generations- as for example the Binding Law of the Iriquois nation to ‘consider the impact to the seventh generation’ http://www.indigenouspeople.net/iroqcon.htm

Page 189

…than people without children

Taken from data in Haddock Research (confidential).The evidence is somewhat mixed, though. The main conclusion should be that there is some tendency for people with children to be less concerned and certainly no strong case that having children makes them more concerned.

… their values and politics

Whitmarsh, Lorraine (2011) Scepticism and uncertainty about climate change : dimensions, determinants and change over time. Global environmental change. 21 (2), pp. 690-700 Oxford: Pergamon, Elsevier.

… there is nothing they can do to help avoid destruction, displacement and despair”. 

Peter Kelemen quoted in http://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/04/27/an-earth-scientist-explores-the-biggest-climate-threat-fear/

… adding  9441 tonnes of CO2

Murtaugha, P, Schlaxb, M. (2009). Reproduction and the carbon legacies of individuals Paul A. Murtaugha Michael G. Schlaxb Global Environmental Change Volume 19, Issue 1, February 2009, Pages 14–20

Page 190

… who still flashed their bottoms at her anyway

Simms, A. (2009). Ecological Debt: Global Warming and the Wealth of Nations.Pluto Press.

… eating ‘everything but his boots’

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/australiaandthepacific/fiji/1444197/Fiji-villagers-to-say-sorry-for-eating-British-missionary.html

… vengeance, by people or by nature itself

Great expectations, the psychodynamics of ecological debt. Ro Randall in Engaging with cc – psychoanalytic perspectives

… provide a better life for our children and grandchildren

Maibach E., et al. (2013). A national survey of republicans and republican--‐leaning independents on energy and climate change http://environment.yale.edu/climate-communication/files/Republican_Views_on_Climate_Change.pdf

Page 191

… the artist Lumley later came to disown it

http://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/17053

… in-group loyalty that persuaded people to sign up

[Note: Nonetheless this was soon followed by conscription. In modern wars it has always been compulsion that has fuelled the battlefields].

Page 192

THE POWER OF ONE

… two thirds of people in the US and UK

Accountability and Consumers International 2007, What Assures Consumers on Climate Change? Switching on Citizen Power, http://www.accountability21.net/

… and even more in Australia

What Assures Consumers in Australia on Climate Change?: Switching on Citizen Power. 2008 Update – Australian Survey,’ http://www.accountability21.net/

… According to self perception theory

Bem, D. J. (1972). Self-perception theory. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology (Vol. 6, pp. 1-62). New York: Academic Press.

… whereby people can be ushered onto the ‘virtuous escalator’

Scott, C. A. (1977). Modifying socially-conscious behavior: the foot in the door technique. 4, 156-164.

Thøgersen, J., & Crompton, T. (2009). Simple and painless? The limitations of spillover in environmental campaigning. Journal of Consumer Policy, 32, 141-163.

Page193

 

… became the dominate form of public communications

For example see:

 http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/urgentissues/global-warming-climate-change/help/tips-from-a-nature-conservancy-scientist.xml

http://www.worldwatch.org/resources/go_green_save_green

www.earthdaycoalition.org/documents/GreenTeamPledge08new.pdf

http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=climate-change-begins-at-home

… or backpacks for dolls”

Climate Crisis Tip, mailing to community@liveearth.org, Wed 13/02/2008 11:18

.. were promoted by the EPA

http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/wycd/

… the Federal Highway Administration http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/climate_change/adaptation/resources_and_publications/ten_steps/index.cfm

… the Cool California programme

http://www.coolcalifornia.org/

Page 194

… the little conscience sitting in the back seat”

http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/10/nyregion/10green.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0

In Ireland, the Power of One campaign

http://adfx.ie/cases/cases08/powerofone.pdf

… Canadians to reduce their personal carbon dioxide emissions by one tonne …

http://www.ec.gc.ca/ae-ve/default.asp?lang=En&n=E0530F2A-1

 

…‘Be Climate Clever’ ‘I can do that’ and Think Change http://www.climatechange.gov.au/sites/climatechange/files/documents/03_2013/Campaign-evaluation-Household-action-20090901-PDF.pdf

… but with no access to the actual decisions.”

Beck, U. 2009. World at Risk. Cambridge: Polity Press.p170…

… individual liberty, free markets and free trade"

Definition from Harvey, D. 2006, 'Neo-Liberalism as Creative Destruction', Geografiska Annaler, vol. 88B, no. 2, pp. 145-158.

…the One Tonne Challenge had achieved any change

What power has the Power of One? Effects of an advertising campaign to boost energy efficiency* Laura Malaguzzi Valeri Economic and Social Research Institute, Dublin. 26th March 2009

Page 195

…once the packaging carried a sticker reading “protect the environment.”

Dena Gromet, Howard Kunreuther, Richard P. Larrick (2013), Political ideology affects energy efficiency attitudes and choices, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,

http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=not-so-conservative-saving-energy

… Research by the psychologist Jonathan Haidt into moral foundations of different worldviews

Haidt, J (2012). The Righteous Mind: Why Good People Are Divided by Politics and Religion, Penguin.

Page 196

… what she calls “single action bias.”

Weber, E, 2006, Experience-Based and Description-Based Perceptions of Long-Term Risk: Why Blobal Warming Does Not Scare Us (Yet) Climatic Change (2006) 77: 103–120

https://www.rsmas.miami.edu/users/agriculture/pubs/papers/Full_versions/Weber_2006.pdf

 

… they used 7% less water- and they then used 6% more electricity

Side effects of household water consumption feedback on electricity consumption Verena TiefenbeckFraunhofer Center for Sustainable Energy Systems, Boston, MABits to Energy Lab, ETH Zurich, Switzerland

… energy efficient lights and appliances  use them more

Davis LW (2008). "Durable goods and residential demand for energy and water: evidence from a field trial". RAND Journal of Economics 39 (2): 530–46. Retrieved 08/09/12.

… turn up the thermostat

Rosenwald, Michael S (July 18, 2010). "Why going green won't make you better or save you money". Washington Post. Retrieved 08/09/2012.

… to cheat the University and even steal money

Do Green Products Make Us Better People? Nina Mazar, Chen-Bo Zhong University of Toronto In Press at Psychological Science August 27, 2009

Page 197

… and portray them in heroic terms.

Guadagno, R. E., Demaine, L. J., & Cialdini, R. B. (2001). When saying yes leads to saying no:

Preference for consistency and the reverse foot-in-the-door effect. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27 (7), 859-867.

Pieters, R. G. M., Bijmolt, T., van Raaij, W. F., & de Kruijk, M. D. (1998). Consumers’ attribution of pro-environmentalbehavior, motivation and ability to self and others. Journal of Public Policy and Marketing, 17, 215-225.

… “makes me feel less guilty about flying as much as I do.” http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2008/sep/24/ethicalliving.recycling

 

Page 198

EXPERT COPING

Page 199

… poses a clear and present danger to civilization.”

Thompson Lonnie G. “Climate change: the evidence and our options.” The Behavior Analyst . 2010, 33, 153–170 No 2 (Fall).

 

Page 201

 

… “you just have to work through it so that you can keep fighting.”

 

... fi nding new meaning in life, and their depression on their return.

Cohen, S., Higham, J. and Cavaliere, C., 2011. Binge flying: Behavioural addiction and climate change. Annals of Tourism Research, 38 (3)

… of ambition, curiosity, orneriness, self-confi dence, and altruism.”

http://blog.chron.com/climateabyss/2011/02/scientists-as-human-beings/

Page 203

…“When Swordfish Conservation BiologistsEat Swordfish,”

Bearzi G. In press. When swordfish conservation biologists eat swordfish. Conservation Biology (scheduled February 2009).

Page 205

INTIMATIONS OF MORTALITY

Page 206

…Images of the future were everywhere

Language taken from Williamson, JH. (2010). Unfreezing the truth: knowledge and Denial in Climate change imagery, Dialogues with Tomorrow June 2010 http://www.dialogues.org.nz/2010/index.php?/06/judith-williamson/

… revealed a deep underlying pessimism

Tonn, Bruce, Angela Hemrick, and Frederick G. Conrad. 2006. "Cognitive representations of the future: Survey results." Futures, 38(7): 810-829.

.. most likely from environmental collapse

[Note This pessimism is reflected in other regards. An international poll in May 2013 could not find a single developed country where a majority of people think that children will be “better off financially than their parents”. In the US two thirds of people believe they will be worse off. http://www.pewglobal.org/2013/05/23/chapter-4-regional-breakdowns/

… a third believed it would not exist when they grow up

http://www.reuters.com/article/2009/04/20/idUS103880+20-Apr-2009+PRN20090420 According to Habitat Heroes Study, Children Fear the End of the Earth

… come to an end before they reach adulthood

Tucci J, Mitchell J, Goddard C: Children's Fears, Hopes and Heroes: Modern childhood in Australia. Melbourne: Australian Childhood Foundation; 2007.

Page 207

… Centre for the Study of Existential Risk

See http://cser.org/

… will go extinct before the end of this century

Sandberg A, Bostrom N 2008, Global catastrophic risks survey, Future of Humanity Institute Technical 35 Report, #2008-1, Oxford, viewed 9 March 2011. http://www.fhi.ox.ac.uk/gcr-report.pdf

… a 9.5% risk of extinction within the next century into its calculations

Stern Review- UK Treasury 2006, Chapter 2, Technical Appendix, p. 47

[Note These are odds which, if they applied to flying, would make one extremely unwilling to board a plane a 9.5% risk of death from flying over 90 years would be equivalent to two commercial airliners exploding every week]

… like a bad case of fleas. A surface nuisance.”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2cjRGee5ipM

…“Mother Earth knows she has the power to heal herself”

Zen master Thich Nhat Hanh: only love can save us from climate change

http://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/zen-master-thich-nhat-hanh-love-climate-change

Page 208

… the headline: “Prognosis for a planet: death.”

http://www.smh.com.au/environment/climate-change/poor-prognosis-for-our-planet-20090411-a3jx.html

… Soon her condition will worsen to a state like a coma.

The heading Prognosis for a planet: death relates to the print edition. On April 11, 2009, http://www.jameslovelock.org/page10.html

… an animal who is conscious of his animal limitation”

Ernest Becker, 1973. The Denial of Death, pp47-66. Republished 1997. Free Press Paperbacks, New York.

… has been supported by over 300 experiments

On the unique psychological import of the human awareness of mortality: Theme and variations. Pyszczynski, Tom; Greenberg, Jeff; Solomon, Sheldon; Maxfield, Molly Psychological Inquiry, Vol 17(4), 2006, 328-356. doi: 10.1080/10478400701369542

Page 209

… places climate change within the thinking of Becker

Dickinson, J. L. 2009. The people paradox: self-esteem striving, immortality ideologies, and human response to climate change. Ecology and Society 14(1): 34. [online] URL: http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol14/iss1/art34/

… by when they will be long since dead and gone.

As for example this quoted from focus groups with republicans Why Isn’t the Brain Green? JON GERTNER April 19, 2009 http://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/19/magazine/19Science-t.html

… status, money and improved self image

Solomon, S., Greenberg, J. and Pyszczynski, T. 1991, A terror-management theory of social behaviour: The psychological functions of self-esteem and cultural worldviews, in M. P. Zanna (ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, San Diego: Academic Press cited Hamilton, C., Kasser. T., Psychological Adaptation to the Threats and Stresses of a Four Degree World. Paper presented at “Four Degrees and Beyond” conference, Oxford University 28-30 September 2009

 

… those values, and reduces it among those who do not

The nature of death and the death of nature: The impact of mortality salience on environmental concern. Journal of Research in Personality, 42(5), 1376-1380.

Kasser, T., & Sheldon, K. M. (2000). Of wealth and death: Materialism, mortality salience, and consumption behavior. Psychological Science, 11, 348-351.

… And who, I ask, would willingly sign up for this?”

MAKING SENSE OF COLLAPSE: FUNERAL PROCESSION OR PARTY TIME? By Carolyn Baker Wednesday, 11 June 2008 http://carolynbaker.net/site/content/view/530/

Page 210

… seemed to him to be devalued by the fate of transience for which they were destined. “

Sigmund Freud 1916, on transience. Anticipatory morning and the risk of withdrawing affect from those damaged objects can appear as apathy page 124

Page 217

Climate Conviction

… him to be a green martyr

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/oxfordshire/8621703.stm.

Page 218

… those claiming impending doom can be safely ignored.

Being green is no religion Wendy M Grossmanguardian.co.uk, Thursday 5 November 2009 http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/climate-change/tim-nicholson-a-green-martyr-1648388.html

… What he was arguing, and what ultimately won him the case

[Note Actually, he won the initial hearing that set the legal precedent that a belief in climate change was valid under the legislation. After which his former employers buckled and settled out of court]

… they regard as diametrically opposed to reality based facts

Do you believe in climate change? Vicky Pope guardian.co.uk, Friday 23 March 2012

… as if it's the Easter Bunny or Santa Claus

Feeling The Economic Impact Of Climate Change by Adam Frank October 02, 2012, NPR http://www.npr.org/blogs/13.7/2012/10/02/162140665/feeling-the-economic-impact-of-climate-change

… it’s an understanding and interpretation of the evidence”.

The Conversation, Climate science is not about ‘belief’: Chief Scientist 30 August 2012

… or that God will purge the land of homosexuals “

IS CLIMATE CHANGE A NEW RELIGION?, William Dove, International Business Times, 1/1/12 http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/articles/107626/20110201/climate-change-a-new-religion-complete-with-evangelists-tithes-indulgences-and-superstitions.htm

… is especially strong in Australia

http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/nov/06/climate-change-exaggerated-says-former-australian-pm

… demands appeasement by selling indulgences to the faithful and demonises dissenters".

Climate change theory West's 'new religion' by: Nic WhiteThe Australian June 24, 2009 http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/climate-change-theory-wests-new-religion/story-e6frg6n6-1225739613391

 

Page 213

…“the pre-Reformation practice of selling indulgences

Cardinal Pell Speech at the the Global Warming Policy Forum in London26th October 2011 http://www.theaustralian.com.au/national-affairs/opinion/be-prudent-with-climate-claims/story

… seducing children in our classrooms through spiritual deception”

3/19/2013 Dr. Calvin Beisner of the Cornwall Alliance appeared on Janet Mefferd's radio program http://www.rightwingwatch.org/content/beisner-explains-why-environmentalism-represents-greatest-threat-western-civilization          

… or, as he calls it, the Green Dragon.

Janet Parshall speaking on CA promotion video on Resistingthegreendragon.com CHECK

… buried his talent in the ground and did not do anything to multiply it”

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/david-h-bailey/climate-change-religion_b_2254016.html

… and preservation of the family

www.nrpe.org/issues/i_air/air_interfaith01.htm

… that ends with the question: “what would Jesus drive?”

www.whatwouldjesusdrive.org,

Page 214

…. All of the world’s major religions are growing

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claims_to_be_the_fastest-growing_religion

… the more fundamental strains of their faiths

As argued in Eric Kaufmann documents in his book Shall the Religious Inherit the Earth?,

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_population_growth http://www.worldchristiandatabase.org/wcd/

 …5% of people are members  of environmental organisations

Dalton 2000 The Greening of the Globe? Crossnational Levels of Environmental Group Membership

… consider themselves to be ‘born again’ or evangelical Christians

Pew, 2008. US religious landscape survey. The Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life. Available at: http://religions.pewforum.org/pdf/report-religious-landscapestudy-full.pdf

… is also an evangelical Christian who is married to a pastor

http://biologos.org/blog/kathryn-hayhoe-evangelical-christians-climate-scientist

… I feel like I’m studying what God was thinking when he set up our planet.

http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2012/12/23/1370971/faith-and-science-a-climate-scientist-and-religious-organizer-on-the-urgency-of-climate-change/

Page 215

… and then chaired the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

[Note Strictly speaking he was the founding chair of the IPCC scientific assessment working group and lead editor of first three IPCC reports]

… resting for a while underneath the shade of a tree and then moving on

Ahmad, at-Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah and al-Hakim

Page 216

… I am uncertain how much of global warming is attributable to man

Mitt Romney No Apology, p. 227

Page 217

WHAT THE GREEN TEAM CAN LEARN FROM THE GOD SQUAD

Page 218

the largest ever climate change rally in Washington DC

Where Is Everybody?Why It’s So Tough to Get Your Head Around Climate Change By Tom Engelhardt

… than watched An Inconvenient Truth in US cinemas

According to Al Gore http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,1213709,00.html

… Individual churches rise and fall on the basis of what they offer

This process is described in terms of rational choice theory in Stark, R., & Bainbridge, W. (1996). A Theory of Religion. Brunswick NJ: Rugers University Press. Also The Churching of America

… No one who is important to me is religious, so this must not be very important.’”

This quote taken from an excellent and fascinating interview by Ethan Watters, 2013We Aren’t the WorldFebruary 25, 2013 http://www.psmag.com/magazines/pacific-standard-cover-story/joe-henrich-weird-ultimatum-game-shaking-up-psychology-economics-53135

Page 219

… sacred values are those associated with other moral choices

“The Price of Your Soul: Neural Evidence for the Non-Utilitarian Representation of Sacred Values,”

… and enactment than through definitions and logical demonstration’

A point made in the classic Beyond Belief: Essays on Religion in a Post-Traditionalist World 1970 Robert N. Bellah`

Page 220

… adopted Chinese language, and avoided all contact with Europeans

Donald E. Hoke (1973) The Church in Asia

… the costs of disbelief is social rejection

Durkheim's Sociology of Religion: Themes and Theories 1984 W. S. F. Pickering Routledge & Kegan Paul,

… focuses on relevance- giving people something to take away.

Charisma Magazine, June 2004, pp. 44-45

… live in health, abundance, healing, and victory?”

Your Best Life Now, Joel Osteen, (New York, NY: Faith Words, 2004),

Page 221

… for his open partnership with Muslim preachers http://juicyecumenism.com/2013/04/09/a-florida-megachurch-pastors-islamist-associations/

… on the road to Damascus.

http://www.thegreatwarming.com/revrichardcizik.html

… you cannot tell where it comes from or where it is going

The Bible, Gospel According to John, Chapter 3, verse 7-8

Page 222

… so that you and your children may live

30th chapter of Deuteronomy

… three quarters of people, regardless of their culture or religion

http://www.clatworthy.org/religiousexperience.html

…“experience of a presence or power which is different from your everyday self”

http://commonground.ca/2013/09/alister-hardy/

Psychology and religion, Michael Argyle, Routledge 2000 Their stories now form a large archive on religions experience, housed in the University of St Davids in Wales.

… are creating the ether in which people can have that illumination."

Confino, Jo (2012), ‘Moments of revelation often trigger the biggest transformations’, Guardian, 9th November, available at http://www.guardian.co.uk/sustainable-business/epiphany-transform-corporate-sustainability

Page 223

…valuation of environmental impact in his bookkeeping

Confino, Jo (2012), ‘Moments of revelation often trigger the biggest transformations’, Guardian, 9th November, available at http://www.guardian.co.uk/sustainable-business/epiphany-transform-corporate-sustainability

… to learn about the impacts of global warming on maple trees

http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=100049709

Speaking at the The Economist Corporate Citizenship 2010 conference in New Yor. Reported by http://business-ethics.com/2010/03/16/0600-game-change-how-environmentalists-advise-walmart-on-sustainability/

… who had found his own calling sitting by a river

Lowry C.-Heroic Leadership: The History of Jesuits

Page 224

… Jeremy Burgess in an opinion piece in New Scientist.

Forum: Excuse me for being alive - Jeremy Burgess is in danger of being overwhelmed by his guilty environmental conscience

… harshly judging and not moving towards the reality of the loss”

The difficult problem of anxiety in thinking about climate change S. Weintrobe Engaging with cc – psychoanalytic perspectives

… ritual explicitly includes responsibility for inaction and silence

Ashamnu: Our Souls Have Transgressed With Climate Silence